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Neuroscientists classify neurons into different types that perform similar computations at different locations in the visual field. Traditional methods for neural system identification do not capitalize on this separation of 'what' and…

Segmentation of focal (localized) brain pathologies such as brain tumors and brain lesions caused by multiple sclerosis and ischemic strokes are necessary for medical diagnosis, surgical planning and disease development as well as other…

Network analysis is rapidly becoming a standard tool for studying functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. In this framework, different brain areas are mapped to the nodes of a network, whose links depict functional dependencies…

Hierarchical feature discovery using non-spiking convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has attracted much recent interest in machine learning and computer vision. However, it is still not well understood how to create a biologically…

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an imaging modality exploiting the nonlinear magnetization behavior of (super-)paramagnetic nanoparticles to obtain a space- and often also time-dependent concentration of a tracer consisting of these…

With a large influx of dermoscopy images and a growing shortage of dermatologists, automatic dermoscopic image analysis plays an essential role in skin cancer diagnosis. In this paper, a new deep fully convolutional neural network (FCNN) is…

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are becoming increasingly popular models to predict neural responses in visual cortex. However, contextual effects, which are prevalent in neural processing and in perception, are not explicitly…

This paper demonstrates spherical convolutional neural networks (S-CNN) offer distinct advantages over conventional fully-connected networks (FCN) at estimating scalar parameters of tissue microstructure from diffusion MRI (dMRI). Such…

Transformer-based networks applied to image patches have achieved cutting-edge performance in many vision tasks. However, lacking the built-in bias of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for local image statistics, they require large…

Accurate medical image segmentation is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning of diseases. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance for automatic medical image segmentation. However, they are…

Deep learning based models, generally, require a large number of samples for appropriate training, a requirement that is difficult to satisfy in the medical field. This issue can usually be avoided with a proper initialization of the…

In contrast to human vision, common recognition algorithms often fail on partially occluded images. We propose characterizing, empirically, the algorithmic limits by finding a minimal recognizable patch (MRP) that is by itself sufficient to…

A statistical approach for combination of channel phases is developed for optimizing the Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) in Susceptibility Weighted Images (SWI) acquired using autocalibrating partially parallel techniques. The unwrapped phase…

Brain tumors require an assessment to ensure timely diagnosis and effective patient treatment. Morphological factors such as size, location, texture, and variable appearance complicate tumor inspection. Medical imaging presents challenges,…

Image denoising methods must effectively model, implicitly or explicitly, the vast diversity of patterns and textures that occur in natural images. This is challenging, even for modern methods that leverage deep neural networks trained to…

The accurate identification of brain tumors from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for timely diagnosis and effective therapeutic intervention. While deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), particularly those pre-trained on…

Brain tumors pose a significant global health challenge due to their high prevalence and mortality rates across all age groups. Detecting brain tumors at an early stage is crucial for effective treatment and patient outcomes. This study…

Deep learning for medical image classification faces three major challenges: 1) the number of annotated medical images for training are usually small; 2) regions of interest (ROIs) are relatively small with unclear boundaries in the whole…

Like other applications in computer vision, medical image segmentation has been most successfully addressed using deep learning models that rely on the convolution operation as their main building block. Convolutions enjoy important…

In radiological practice, multi-sequence MRI is routinely acquired to characterize anatomy and tissue. However, due to the heterogeneity of imaging protocols and contra-indications to contrast agents, some MRI sequences, e.g.…