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Augmented reality (AR) technology provides means for embedding visualization in a real-world context. Such techniques allow situated analyses of live data in their spatial domain. However, as existing techniques have to be adapted for this…
How do people look at art? Are there any differences between how experienced and inexperienced art viewers look at a painting? We approach these questions by analyzing and modeling eye movement data from a cognitive art research experiment,…
With an ever-increasing number of mobile devices competing for our attention, quantifying when, how often, or for how long users visually attend to their devices has emerged as a core challenge in mobile human-computer interaction.…
Purpose. We present a new method to evaluate the accuracy of an eye tracker based eye localization system. Measuring the accuracy of an eye tracker's primary intention, the estimated point of gaze, is usually done with volunteers and a set…
Scene viewing is used to study attentional selection in complex but still controlled environments. One of the main observations on eye movements during scene viewing is the inhomogeneous distribution of fixation locations: While some parts…
We conducted an eye-tracking study where 30 participants performed searches on the web. We measured their topical knowledge before and after each task. Their eye-fixations were labelled as "reading" or "scanning". The series of reading…
We conducted an eye-tracking user study with 13 participants to investigate the influence of stimulus-question ordering and question modality on participants using visual question-answering (VQA) tasks. We examined cognitive load, task…
While theories postulating a dual cognitive system take hold, quantitative confirmations are still needed to understand and identify interactions between the two systems or conflict events. Eye movements are among the most direct markers of…
Visual event perception tasks such as action localization have primarily focused on supervised learning settings under a static observer, i.e., the camera is static and cannot be controlled by an algorithm. They are often restricted by the…
Supervisors in military command and control (C2) environments face dynamic conditions. Dynamically changing information continuously flows to the supervisors through multiple displays. In this environment, important pieces of information…
Humans perceive their visual environment by directing their eyes towards relevant objects. The deployment of visual attention depends substantially on the stimulus's properties, higher cognitive processes, and biases and constraints of the…
Real-time cognitive workload monitoring is crucial in safety-critical environments, yet established measures are intrusive, expensive, or lack temporal resolution. We tested whether facial movement dynamics from a standard webcam could…
Categorizing driving scenes via visual perception is a key technology for safe driving and the downstream tasks of autonomous vehicles. Traditional methods infer scene category by detecting scene-related objects or using a classifier that…
Webcam eye tracking for the collection of gaze data in the context of user studies is convenient - it can be used in remote tests where participants do not need special hardware. The approach has strong limitations, especially regarding the…
Technical progress in hardware and software enables us to record gaze data in everyday situations and over long time spans. Among a multitude of research opportunities, this technology enables visualization researchers to catch a glimpse…
Conventional mobile eye-tracking maps gaze to static screen coordinates, failing to capture user attention when content is dynamic. As users pinch, zoom, and rotate images, static coordinates lose their semantic meaning relative to the…
This work covers multiple aspects of overt visual attention on 3D renders: measurement, projection, visualization, and application to studying the influence of material appearance on looking behaviour. In the scope of this work, we ran an…
Eye tracking is an important tool with a wide range of applications in Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality (VR/AR/MR) technologies. State-of-the-art eye tracking methods are either reflection-based and track reflections of sparse point…
User's mental state is concerned gradually, during the interaction course of human robot. As the measurement and identification method of psychological state, tension, has certain practical significance role. At presents there is no…
The vast majority of visual animals actively control their eyes, heads, and/or bodies to direct their gaze toward different parts of their environment. In contrast, recent applications of reinforcement learning in robotic manipulation…