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\textit{Multiple Instance Learning} (MIL) is concerned with learning from bags of instances, where only bag labels are given and instance labels are unknown. Existent approaches in this field were mainly designed for the bag-level label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Minlong Peng , Qi Zhang

Multiple instance data are sets or multi-sets of unordered elements. Using metrics or distances for sets, we propose an approach to several multiple instance learning tasks, such as clustering (unsupervised learning), classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Quang N. Tran , Ba-Ngu Vo , Dinh Phung , Ba-Tuong Vo , Thuong Nguyen

Incremental learning aims to enable models to continuously acquire knowledge from evolving data streams while preserving previously learned capabilities. While current research predominantly focuses on unimodal incremental learning and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Yaguang Song , Xiaoshan Yang , Dongmei Jiang , Yaowei Wang , Changsheng Xu

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is a weakly supervised learning problem where the aim is to assign labels to sets or bags of instances, as opposed to traditional supervised learning where each instance is assumed to be independent and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Soumyasundar Pal , Antonios Valkanas , Florence Regol , Mark Coates

Multi-label classification is a common supervised machine learning problem where each instance is associated with multiple classes. The key challenge in this problem is learning the correlations between the classes. An additional challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Divya Padmanabhan , Satyanath Bhat , Shirish Shevade , Y. Narahari

Deep neural networks, including transformers and convolutional neural networks, have significantly improved multivariate time series classification (MTSC). However, these methods often rely on supervised learning, which does not fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xiwen Chen , Peijie Qiu , Wenhui Zhu , Huayu Li , Hao Wang , Aristeidis Sotiras , Yalin Wang , Abolfazl Razi

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for Whole Slide Image (WSI) diagnosis, offering effective learning with limited annotations. However, existing MIL frameworks overlook diagnostic priorities and fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sungrae Hong , Jiwon Jeong , Jisu Shin , Donghee Han , Sol Lee , Kyungeun Kim , Mun Yong Yi

Nonlinear models and optimization methods have successfully tackled a rapidly growing set of problems in recent years. Indeed, a relatively small toolbox of such models and methods can provide sufficient performance across a large landscape…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-01 Akshunna S. Dogra

Bilevel learning refers to machine learning problems that can be formulated as bilevel optimization models, where decisions are organized in a hierarchical structure. This paradigm has recently gained considerable attention in machine…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Riccardo Grazzi , Massimiliano Pontil , Saverio Salzo , Alain Zemkoho

In a standard multi-output classification scenario, both features and labels of training data are partially observed. This challenging issue is widely witnessed due to sensor or database failures, crowd-sourcing and noisy communication…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Giancarlo Fissore , Aurélien Decelle , Cyril Furtlehner , Yufei Han

With the advent of kernel methods, automating the task of specifying a suitable kernel has become increasingly important. In this context, the Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) problem of finding a combination of pre-specified base kernels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Abhishek Kumar , Alexandru Niculescu-Mizil , Koray Kavukcuoglu , Hal Daume

The paper proposes a novel problem in multi-class Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) called Learning from the Majority Label (LML). In LML, the majority class of instances in a bag is assigned as the bag's label. LML aims to classify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Kaito Shiku , Shinnosuke Matsuo , Daiki Suehiro , Ryoma Bise

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has been widely applied in pathology towards solving critical problems such as automating cancer diagnosis and grading, predicting patient prognosis, and therapy response. Deploying these models in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Syed Ashar Javed , Dinkar Juyal , Harshith Padigela , Amaro Taylor-Weiner , Limin Yu , Aaditya Prakash

Multimodal demonstrations provide robots with an abundance of information to make sense of the world. However, such abundance may not always lead to good performance when it comes to learning sensorimotor control policies from human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yilun Hao , Ruinan Wang , Zhangjie Cao , Zihan Wang , Yuchen Cui , Dorsa Sadigh

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is often used in medical imaging to classify high-resolution 2D images by processing patches or classify 3D volumes by processing slices. However, conventional MIL approaches treat instances separately,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Ethan Harvey , Dennis Johan Loevlie , Michael C. Hughes

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a variation of supervised learning where a single class label is assigned to a bag of instances. In this paper, we state the MIL problem as learning the Bernoulli distribution of the bag label where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Maximilian Ilse , Jakub M. Tomczak , Max Welling

We present a continuous formulation of machine learning, as a problem in the calculus of variations and differential-integral equations, in the spirit of classical numerical analysis. We demonstrate that conventional machine learning models…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-02 Weinan E , Chao Ma , Lei Wu

A complementary label (CL) simply indicates an incorrect class of an example, but learning with CLs results in multi-class classifiers that can predict the correct class. Unfortunately, the problem setting only allows a single CL for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Lei Feng , Takuo Kaneko , Bo Han , Gang Niu , Bo An , Masashi Sugiyama

A growing number of applications, e.g. video surveillance and medical image analysis, require training recognition systems from large amounts of weakly annotated data while some targeted interactions with a domain expert are allowed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Marc-André Carbonneau , Eric Granger , Ghyslain Gagnon

Machine Learning models are increasingly used for decision making, in particular in high-stakes applications such as credit scoring, medicine or recidivism prediction. However, there are growing concerns about these models with respect to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Julien Rouzot , Julien Ferry , Marie-José Huguet