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Axion-like particles and similar new pseudoscalar as well as vector bosons coupled to nucleons and electrons are predicted to lead to spin-dependent forces in atoms and ions. We argue that hyperfine structure measurements in hydrogen- and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-03 Cedric Quint , Fabian Heiße , Joerg Jaeckel , Lutz Leimenstoll , Christoph H. Keitel , Zoltán Harman

The exchange of spin-0 or spin-1 bosons between fermions or spin-polarised macroscopic objects gives rise to various spin-dependent potentials. We derive the coordinate-space non-relativistic potentials induced by the exchange of such…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-03-06 Pavel Fadeev , Yevgeny V. Stadnik , Filip Ficek , Mikhail G. Kozlov , Victor V. Flambaum , Dmitry Budker

Heretofore undiscovered spin-0 or spin-1 bosons can mediate exotic spin-dependent interactions between standard-model particles. Here we carry out the first search for semileptonic spin-dependent interactions between matter and antimatter.…

We present a phenomenological constraint on a pseudovector light boson beyond the Standard Model, which can induce a long-range spin-dependent interaction $\alpha^{\prime\prime}({\bf s}_1\cdot{\bf s}_2)\,{\rm e}^{-\lambda r}/r$. In the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-04 S. G. Karshenboim

Atomic spectroscopy can be used to search for new bosons that carry exotic forces between elementary fermions. A comparison of a recent precise measurement [Bullis \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{130}, 203001 (2023)] of the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Lei Cong , Filip Ficek , Pavel Fadeev , Dmitry Budker

We show that atomic antimatter spectroscopy can be used to search for new bosons that carry spin-dependent exotic forces between antifermions. A comparison of a recent precise measurement of the hyperfine splitting of the $1$S and $2$S…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Lei Cong , Filip Ficek , Pavel Fadeev , Yevgeny V. Stadnik , Dmitry Budker

Measured and calculated cross sections for spin-exchange between alkali atoms and noble gases (specifically sodium and helium) are used to constrain anomalous spin-dependent forces between nuclei at the atomic scale ($\sim 10^{-8}~{\rm…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2013-04-18 D. F. Jackson Kimball , Alec Boyd , D. Budker

The very high precision of current measurements and theory predictions of spectral lines in few-electron atoms allows to efficiently probe the existence of exotic forces between electrons, neutrons and protons. We investigate the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-12-13 Cédric Delaunay , Claudia Frugiuele , Elina Fuchs , Yotam Soreq

Precision atomic spectroscopy provides a sensitive probe of physics beyond the Standard Model. A recently reported $9\sigma$ theory-experiment discrepancy in the ionization energy of metastable helium has motivated the hypothesis of a new…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Lei Cong , Filip Ficek , Rinat Abdullin , Mikhail G. Kozlov , Dmitry Budker

We present a search for possible spin dependent interactions of the neutron with matter through exchange of spin 1 bosons with axial vector couplings as envisioned in possible extensions of the Standard Model. This was sought using a slow…

Development of new techniques to search for particles beyond the standard model is crucial for understanding the ultraviolet completion of particle physics. Several hypothetical particles are predicted to mediate exotic spin-dependent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-01 Haowen Su , Yuanhong Wang , Min Jiang , Wei Ji , Pavel Fadeev , Dongdong Hu , Xinhua Peng , Dmitry Budker

The potential discovery of unparticles could have far-reaching implications for particle physics and cosmology. For over a decade, high-energy physicists have extensively studied the effects of unparticles. In this study, we derive six…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-12 L. Y. Wu , K. Y. Zhang , H. Yan

Agreement between theoretical calculations of atomic structure and spectroscopic measurements is used to constrain possible contribution of exotic spin-dependent interactions between electrons to the energy differences between states in…

A comparison between existing measurements and calculations of the scalar spin-spin interaction (J-coupling) in deuterated molecular hydrogen (HD) yields stringent constraints on anomalous spin-dependent potentials between nucleons at the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Micah Ledbetter , Michael Romalis , Derek Jackson-Kimball

Precision measurements of the possible coupling of spin to other scalars, vectors and pseudovectors has proven to be a sensitive way to search for new particle physics beyond the standard model. Indeed, in addition to searching for exotic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-09-06 Nathan B. Clayburn , Larry R. Hunter

Spin-dependent fifth-forces are associated with particles beyond the standard model. In particular, light pseudo-scalar bosons mediate long-range forces, allowing mass to interact with spins. The search of these interactions can be…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2022-03-07 N. Crescini , G. Carugno , P. Falferi , A. Ortolan , G. Ruoso , C. C. Speake

Unparticles as suggested by Georgi are identities that are not constrained by dispersion relations but are governed by their scaling dimension, d. Their coupling to particles can result in macroscopic interactions between matter, that are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Yi Liao , Ji-Yuan Liu

In the framework of the Relativistic Mean Field Approach a pseudospin dependence of the residual forces in nuclei is considered. It is shown that this dependence is relatively weak. As a consequence, a pseudospin dependence of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 R. V. Jolos , V. V. Voronov

The leading-order contribution of a new boson to the muonic fine-structure anomaly, which refers to a discrepancy between the predicted transition energies and spectroscopic measurements of $\mu-^{90}$Zr, $\mu-^{120}$Sn, and $\mu-^{208}$Pb,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-19 K. A. Beyer , I. A. Valuev , C. H. Keitel , M. Tamburini , N. S. Oreshkina

Ultra-cold alkali atoms trapped in two distinct hyperfine states in an external magnetic field can mimic magnetic systems of spin 1/2 particles. We describe the spin-dependent effective interaction as a spin-spin interaction. As a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-11-09 D. H. Santamore , Eddy Timmermans
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