Related papers: Classification of vacuum arc breakdowns in a pulse…
Vacuum electrical breakdowns, also known as vacuum arcs, are a limiting factor in many devices that are based on application of high electric fields near their component surfaces. Understanding of processes that lead to breakdown events may…
This review consolidates experimental, theoretical, and simulation work examining the behavior of high-field devices and the fundamental process of vacuum arc initiation, commonly referred to as breakdown. Detailed experimental observations…
Conditioning of a metal structure in a high-voltage system is the progressive development of resistance to vacuum arcing over the operational life of the system. This is, for instance, seen during the initial operation of radio frequency…
Breakdowns may occur in high-voltage applications even in ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Previously, we showed that it is important to pay attention to the post-breakdown voltage recovery in order to limit the appearance of secondary…
Although vacuum arcs were first identified over 110 years ago, they are not yet well understood. We have since developed a model of breakdown and gradient limits that tries to explain, in a self-consistent way: arc triggering, plasma…
We investigate the breakdown of disordered networks under the action of an increasing external---mechanical or electrical---force. We perform a mean-field analysis and estimate scaling exponents for the approach to the instability. By…
A new method to determine the breakdown voltage of SiPMs is presented. It is backed up by a DC model which describes the breakdown phenomenon by distinct avalanche turn-on ($V_{01}$) and turn off ($V_{10}$) voltages. It is shown that…
Although used in the design and costing of large projects such as linear colliders and tokamaks, the theory of vacuum arcs and gradient limits is not well understood. Almost 120 years after the isolation of vacuum arcs, the exact mechanisms…
In the early stages of running of the CRESST dark matter search using sapphire detectors at very low temperature, an unexpectedly high rate of signal pulses appeared. Their origin was finally traced to fracture events in the sapphire due to…
The new High Repetition Rate (HRR) CERN DC Spark System has been used to investigate the current and voltage time structure of a breakdown. Simulations indicate that vacuum breakdowns develop on ns timescales or even less. An experimental…
Paschen law relates the breakdown voltage of a gas to the product of gas pressure and inter-electrode distance, predicting a characteristic minimum voltage at a specific pd value. In this study, the role of electrode configurations…
The occurrence of vacuum arcs or radio frequency (rf) breakdowns is one of the most prevalent factors limiting the high-gradient performance of normal conducting rf cavities in particle accelerators. In this paper, we search for the…
Detonation-based propulsion devices, such as rotating detonation engines (RDEs), must be able to leverage the higher energy densities of liquid fuels in order for them to be utilized in practical contexts. This necessitates a comprehensive…
Interest in air breakdown phenomena has recently been re-kindled with the advent of advanced virtual prototyping of radio frequency (RF) sources for use in high power microwave (HPM) weapons technology. Air breakdown phenomena are of…
Breakup of drop/bubble can be viewed as a result of fundamental force balance when the disruptive force is greater than the restorative force. A disruptive force acting on the drop/bubble tries to deform it, whereas a restorative force…
This paper centers on the comparison of three different models that describe cascading failures of power systems. Specifically, these models are different in characterizing the physical properties of power networks and computing the branch…
Although a general model of vacuum arcs and gradient limits would be widely useful, roughly 120 years after the first good experimental data on these arcs, this important field continues to be unsettled. This problem is a limitation in a…
Cascading failures in power systems normally occur as a result of initial disturbance or faults on electrical elements, closely followed by errors of human operators. It remains a great challenge to systematically trace the source of…
Additive Manufacturing (AM) is already well-established for various manufacturing applications, providing many benefits such as design freedom, novel and complex cooling designs for the parts and different performance improvements, as well…
Large-scale power blackouts caused by cascading failure are inflicting enormous socioeconomic costs. We study the problem of cascading link failures in power networks modelled by random geometric graphs from a percolation-based viewpoint.…