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Large photometric surveys will image billions of galaxies, but we currently lack quick, reliable automated ways to infer their physical properties like morphology, stellar mass, and star formation rates. Simulations provide galaxy images…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-25 Kaley Brauer , Aditya Prasad Dash , Meet J. Vyas , Ahmed Salim , Stiven Briand Massala

Current post-processing techniques for the correction of atmospheric seeing in solar observations -- such as Speckle interferometry and Phase Diversity methods -- have limitations when it comes to their reconstructive capabilities of solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-09 John A. Armstrong , Lyndsay Fletcher

Direction finding and positioning systems based on RF signals are significantly impacted by multipath propagation, particularly in indoor environments. Existing algorithms (e.g MUSIC) perform poorly in resolving Angle of Arrival (AoA) in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-13 Zhuangzhuang Dai , Yuhang He , Tran Vu , Niki Trigoni , Andrew Markham

Mini-EUSO is a space experiment selected to be installed inside the International Space Station. It has a compact telescope with a large field of view ($44 $\times$ 44$ sq. deg.) focusing light on an array of photo-multipliers tubes in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-02 Sara Turriziani , Jonah Ekelund , Katsuhiko Tsuno , Marco Casolino , Toshikazu Ebisuzaki

The measurement of galaxy morphological parameters from astronomical images features in a wide range of modern analyses, including galaxy evolution and cosmological weak lensing studies. The precision and accuracy of morphological parameter…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-23 Samuel Kahn , Ryan Hausen , Hubert Bretonnière , Nicole Drakos , Brant Robertson

Direction of arrival (DoA) estimation of targets improves with the number of elements employed by a phased array radar antenna. Since larger arrays have high associated cost, area and computational load, there is recent interest in thinning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-05 Ahmet M. Elbir , Kumar Vijay Mishra , Yonina C. Eldar

Direct imaging and spectral characterization of exoplanets using extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) is a key science goal of future extremely large telescopes and space observatories. However, quasi-static wavefront errors will limit the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 Benjamin L. Gerard , Christian Marois , Raphaël Galicher

In the preparation for ESA's Euclid mission and the large amount of data it will produce, we train deep convolutional neural networks on Euclid simulations classify solar system objects from other astronomical sources. Using transfer…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-15 Maggie Lieu , Luca Conversi , Bruno Altieri , Benoît Carry

We develop a reliable, fully automatic method for the detection of coronal holes, that provides consistent full-disk segmentation maps over the full solar cycle and can perform in real-time. We use a convolutional neural network to identify…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-09 R. Jarolim , A. M. Veronig , S. Hofmeister , S. G. Heinemann , M. Temmer , T. Podladchikova , K. Dissauer

The estimation of direction of arrival (DOA) is a crucial issue in conventional radar, wireless communication, and integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. However, low-cost systems often suffer from imperfect factors, such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-21 Peng Chen , Zhimin Chen , Liang Liu , Yun Chen , Xianbin Wang

The use of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) has increased tremendously in the current decade. They have significantly advanced remote sensing with the capability to deploy and image the terrain as per required spatial, spectral, temporal, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yibin Wang , Wondimagegn Beshah , Padmanava Dash , Haifeng Wang

Accurate assessment of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO$_2$) and sulfur dioxide (SO$_2$) is essential for understanding climate-air quality interactions, supporting environmental policy, and protecting public health. Traditional monitoring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Prasanjit Dey , Soumyabrata Dev , Bianca Schoen-Phelan

The study of astronomical phenomena through ground-based observations is always challenged by the distorting effects of Earth's atmosphere. Traditional methods of post-facto image correction, essential for correcting these distortions,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-14 A. Asensio Ramos

The Deep Space Network (DSN) is NASA's largest network of antenna facilities that generate a large volume of multivariate time-series data. These facilities contain DSN antennas and transmitters that undergo degradation over long periods of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Evan J. Chou , Lisa S. Locke , Harvey M. Soldan

Automotive radar has increasingly attracted attention due to growing interest in autonomous driving technologies. Acquiring situational awareness using multimodal data collected at high sampling rates by various sensing devices including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Madhumitha Sakthi , Ahmed Tewfik , Marius Arvinte , Haris Vikalo

To ensure energy efficiency and reliable operations, it is essential to monitor solar panels in generation plants to detect defects. It is quite labor-intensive, time consuming and costly to manually monitor large-scale solar plants and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Muhammad Junaid Asif , Muhammad Saad Rafaqat , Usman Nazakat , Uzair Khan , Rana Fayyaz Ahmad

Super-resolution imaging has revolutionized the study of systems ranging from molecular structures to distant galaxies. However, existing super-resolution methods require extensive calibration and retraining for each imaging setup, limiting…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-24 Dominik Vašinka , Filip Juráň , Jaromír Běhal , Miroslav Ježek

Despite an emerging interest in MIMO radar, the utilization of its complementary strengths in combination with optical depth sensors has so far been limited to far-field applications, due to the challenges that arise from mutual sensor…

A unique sample independent 3D self calibration methodology is tested on a unique optical coherence tomography and multi-spectral scanning laser ophthalmoscope (OCT-SLO) hybrid system. Operators visual cognition is replaced by computer…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-08-08 Mayank Goswami

The calibration of weather radar for detecting meteorological phenomena has advanced rapidly, aiming to enhance accuracy. Utilizing an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a suspended metal sphere introduces an efficient calibration…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-09 Jiabiao Zhao , Da Li , Jiayuan Cui , Houjun Sun , Jianjun Ma