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As a privacy-preserving method for implementing Vertical Federated Learning, Split Learning has been extensively researched. However, numerous studies have indicated that the privacy-preserving capability of Split Learning is insufficient.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Haoze Qiu , Fei Zheng , Chaochao Chen , Xiaolin Zheng

Recent research has shown that structured machine learning models such as tree ensembles are vulnerable to privacy attacks targeting their training data. To mitigate these risks, differential privacy (DP) has become a widely adopted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Alice Gorgé , Julien Ferry , Sébastien Gambs , Thibaut Vidal

In the evolving landscape of human-centric systems, personalized privacy solutions are becoming increasingly crucial due to the dynamic nature of human interactions. Traditional static privacy models often fail to meet the diverse and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Mojtaba Taherisadr , Salma Elmalaki

Machine learning has proved invaluable for a range of different tasks, yet it also proved vulnerable to evasion attacks, i.e., maliciously crafted perturbations of input data designed to force mispredictions. In this paper we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Stefano Calzavara , Pietro Ferrara , Claudio Lucchese

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm proposed for privacy preservation. Unlike traditional centralized learning approaches, FL enables multiple users to collaboratively train a shared global model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Hangyu Zhu , Liyuan Huang , Zhenping Xie

Recent studies show that Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which attack DRL models by adding small perturbations to the observations. However, some attacks assume full availability of the victim…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Xinlei Pan , Chaowei Xiao , Warren He , Shuang Yang , Jian Peng , Mingjie Sun , Jinfeng Yi , Zijiang Yang , Mingyan Liu , Bo Li , Dawn Song

These days, deep learning models have achieved great success in multiple fields, from autonomous driving to medical diagnosis. These models have expanded the abilities of artificial intelligence by offering great solutions to complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Gopichandh Golla

In distributed learning settings, models are iteratively updated with shared gradients computed from potentially sensitive user data. While previous work has studied various privacy risks of sharing gradients, our paper aims to provide a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Zhuohang Li , Andrew Lowy , Jing Liu , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Kieran Parsons , Bradley Malin , Ye Wang

Virtual Reality (VR) technologies offer immersive experiences but collect substantial user data. While deceptive design is well-studied in 2D platforms, little is known about its manifestation in VR environments and its impact on user…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Hilda Hadan , Michaela Valiquette , Lennart E. Nacke , Leah Zhang-Kennedy

A decision tree is an easy-to-understand tool that has been widely used for classification tasks. On the one hand, due to privacy concerns, there has been an urgent need to create privacy-preserving classifiers that conceal the user's input…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Andrew Quijano , Spyros T. Halkidis , Kevin Gallagher , Kemal Akkaya , Nikolaos Samaras

Numerous analysis methods for quantitative attack tree analysis have been proposed. These algorithms compute relevant security metrics, i.e. performance indicators that quantify how good the security of a system is; typical metrics being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg , Carlos E. Budde , Mariëlle Stoelinga

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into safety-critical workflows, yet existing security analyses remain fragmented and often isolate model behavior from the broader system context. This work introduces a goal-driven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Neha Nagaraja , Hayretdin Bahsi

Gradient inversion attacks are an ubiquitous threat in federated learning as they exploit gradient leakage to reconstruct supposedly private training data. Recent work has proposed to prevent gradient leakage without loss of model utility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Daniel Scheliga , Patrick Mäder , Marco Seeland

The prominence of embodied Artificial Intelligence (AI), which empowers robots to navigate, perceive, and engage within virtual environments, has attracted significant attention, owing to the remarkable advances in computer vision and large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Miao Li , Wenhao Ding , Ding Zhao

Attack trees are considered a useful tool for security modelling because they support qualitative as well as quantitative analysis. The quantitative approach is based on values associated to each node in the tree, expressing, for instance,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-11 Ahto Buldas , Olga Gadyatskaya , Aleksandr Lenin , Sjouke Mauw , Rolando Trujillo-Rasua

Virtual Reality (VR) techniques, serving as the bridge between the real and virtual worlds, have boomed and are widely used in manufacturing, remote healthcare, gaming, etc. Specifically, VR systems offer users immersive experiences that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yancheng Jiang , Yan Jiang , Ruochen Zhou , Yi-Chao Chen , Xiaoyu Ji , Wenyuan Xu

Nodes in route-restricted overlays have an immutable set of neighbors, explicitly specified by their users. Popular examples include payment networks such as the Lightning network as well as social overlays such as the Dark Freenet. Routing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Martin Byrenheid , Stefanie Roos , Thorsten Strufe

We consider vertical logistic regression (VLR) trained with mini-batch gradient descent -- a setting which has attracted growing interest among industries and proven to be useful in a wide range of applications including finance and medical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Yuzheng Hu , Tianle Cai , Jinyong Shan , Shange Tang , Chaochao Cai , Ethan Song , Bo Li , Dawn Song

This paper attempts to strengthen the pursued research on social engineering (SE) threat identification, and control, by means of the author's illustrated classification, which includes attack types, determining the degree of possible harm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-25 V. Y. Sokolov , O. Y. Korzhenko

Thanks to the explosive growth of data and the development of computational resources, it is possible to build pre-trained models that can achieve outstanding performance on various tasks, such as neural language processing, computer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Meng Yang , Tianqing Zhu , Chi Liu , WanLei Zhou , Shui Yu , Philip S. Yu