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We describe two implementations of the optimal error correction algorithm known as the maximum likelihood decoder (MLD) for the 2D surface code with a noiseless syndrome extraction. First, we show how to implement MLD exactly in time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-01 Sergey Bravyi , Martin Suchara , Alexander Vargo

In this paper, the proximal decoding algorithm is considered within the context of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. An analysis of the convergence behavior of the algorithm shows that proximal decoding inherently enters an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Andreas Tsouchlos , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

This paper is concerned with bounds on the maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding error probability of Reed-Solomon (RS) codes over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. To resolve the difficulty caused by the dependence of the Euclidean…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-22 Qiutao Zhuang , Xiao Ma , Aleksander Kavcic

Quantum error correction (QEC) is indispensable for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet its effectiveness hinges critically on the classical decoding algorithm that interprets noisy syndrome measurements. Among all possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Hanyan Cao , Ge Yan , Yuxuan Du , Feng Pan

We consider the Additive White Gaussian Noise channel with Binary Phase Shift Keying modulation. Our aim is to enable an algebraic hard decision Bounded Minimum Distance decoder for a binary block code to exploit soft information obtained…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-05-18 Christian Senger , Vladimir Sidorenko , Victor Zyablov

In this paper, we perform a threshold analysis of braided convolutional codes (BCCs) on the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The decoding thresholds are estimated by Monte-Carlo density evolution (MC-DE) techniques and compared…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Muhammad Umar Farooq , Saeedeh Moloudi , Michael Lentmaier

In this paper, the performance limits and the computational complexity of the lattice sequential decoder are analyzed for the unconstrained additive white Gaussian noise channel. The performance analysis available in the literature for such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Walid Abediseid , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND) is a maximum likelihood (ML) decoding method that identifies the noise effects corrupting code-words of arbitrary code-books. In a joint detection and decoding framework, this work…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Hadi Sarieddeen , Muriel Médard , Ken. R. Duffy

In this paper, we study systematic Luby Transform (SLT) codes over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. We introduce the encoding scheme of SLT codes and give the bipartite graph for iterative belief propagation (BP) decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-11 Shengkai Xu , Dazhuan Xu , Xiaofei Zhang , Hanqin Shao

We introduce a new algorithm for realizing Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoding in discrete channels with or without memory. In it, the receiver rank orders noise sequences from most likely to least likely. Subtracting noise from the received…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Ken R. Duffy , Jiange Li , Muriel Médard

Spinal codes are a type of capacity-achieving rateless codes that have been proved to approach the Shannon capacity over the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and the binary symmetric channel (BSC). In this paper, we aim to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Aimin Li , Shaohua Wu , Jian Jiao , Ning Zhang , Qinyu Zhang

In this paper, we propose a quantum-native formulation of maximum likelihood detection (MLD) for overloaded multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems in a random access channel, where numerous user terminals share the same channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Hyoga Iizumi , Naoki Ishikawa , Shunsuke Uehashi , Kota Nakamura , Shusaku Umeda , Toshiaki Koike-Akino

In this paper, we investigate network nest coded modulation schemes for multiple access relay channels. The performance of the distributed systems which are based on distributed convolutional codes with network coded modulation is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Zihuai Lin

A new method for low-complexity near-maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the additive white Gaussian noise channel is presented. The proposed method termed belief-propagation--list erasure decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Irina E. Bocharova , Boris D. Kudryashov , Vitaly Skachek , Yauhen Yakimenka

This paper considers the average complexity of maximum likelihood (ML) decoding of convolutional codes. ML decoding can be modeled as finding the most probable path taken through a Markov graph. Integrated with the Viterbi algorithm (VA),…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Jie Luo

This paper considers the problem of code design for a channel where communications and radar systems coexist, modeled as having both Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Additive Radar Interference (ARI). The issue of how to adapt or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Federico Brunero , Daniela Tuninetti , Natasha Devroye

The performance of maximum-likelihood (ML) decoded binary linear block codes is addressed via the derivation of tightened upper bounds on their decoding error probability. The upper bounds on the block and bit error probabilities are valid…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 M. Twitto , I. Sason , S. Shamai

The minimum weight matching (MWM) and maximum likelihood decoding (MLD) are two widely used and distinct decoding strategies for quantum error correction. For a given syndrome, the MWM decoder finds the most probable physical error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Mao Lin

We derive upper and lower bounds for the covert capacity of Additive White Gaussian Noise channels when measuring reliability in terms of the average error probability and covertness in terms of Kullback-Leibler divergence. This…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-18 C. Bouette , L. Luzzi , M. Bloch

In this paper, new techniques are presented to either simplify or improve most existing upper bounds on the maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding performance of the binary linear codes over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. Firstly,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Xiao Ma , Jia Liu , Baoming Bai
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