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The averaged null energy condition has been recently shown to hold for linear quantum fields in a large class of spacetimes. Nevertheless, it is easy to show by using a simple scaling argument that ANEC as stated cannot hold generically in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-30 Ulvi Yurtsever

We use holography to prove the Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC) at leading order in large-$N$ for CFTs and relevant deformations of CFTs in Minkowski space which have Einstein gravity duals. Given any codimension-2 surface $\Sigma$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-07-20 Jason Koeller , Stefan Leichenauer

Energy conditions, especially the null energy condition (NEC), are generically imposed on solutions to retain a physically sensible classical field theory and they also play an important role in the AdS/CFT duality. Using this duality, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-03 Carlos Hoyos , Niko Jokela , Jose Manuel Penín , Alfonso V. Ramallo , Javier Tarrío

In discussions of Bousso's Covariant Entropy Bound, the Null Energy Condition is always assumed, as a sufficient {\em but not necessary} condition which helps to ensure that the entropy on any lightsheet shall necessarily be finite. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-12-23 Brett McInnes

The quantum null energy condition (QNEC) is a conjectured bound on components $(T_{kk} = T_{ab} k^a k^b$) of the stress tensor along a null vector $k^a$ at a point $p$ in terms of a second $k$-derivative of the von Neumann entropy $S$ on…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-12-29 Zicao Fu , Jason Koeller , Donald Marolf

Recently, Larry Ford and Tom Roman have discovered that in a flat cylindrical space, although the stress-energy tensor itself fails to satisfy the averaged null energy condition (ANEC) along the (non-achronal) null geodesics, when the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Ulvi Yurtsever

Considerable interest has recently been expressed regarding the issue of whether or not quantum field theory on a fixed but curved background spacetime satisfies the averaged null energy condition (ANEC). A comment by Wald and Yurtsever…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Matt Visser

In gauge/gravity duality, points which are not causally related on the boundary cannot be causally related through the bulk; this is the statement of boundary causality. By the Gao-Wald theorem, the averaged null energy condition in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-07 Netta Engelhardt , Sebastian Fischetti

We examine the quantum null energy condition (QNEC) for a $2+1$-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) at strong coupling in the background of a wormhole spacetime by employing the AdS/CFT correspondence. First, we numerically construct a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-14 Akihiro Ishibashi , Kengo Maeda , Eric Mefford

We explore consequences of the Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) for scaling dimensions $\Delta$ of operators in four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ superconformal field theories. We show that in many cases the ANEC bounds are stronger…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-02-19 Andrea Manenti , Andreas Stergiou , Alessandro Vichi

The null energy condition (NEC), an important assumption of the Penrose singularity theorem, is violated by quantum fields. The natural generalization of the NEC in quantum field theory, the renormalized null energy averaged over a finite…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-11 Jackson R. Fliss , Ben Freivogel , Eleni-Alexandra Kontou

The AdS/CFT correspondence allows us to map a dynamical cosmology to a dual quantum field theory living on the boundary of spacetime. Specifically, we study a five-dimensional model cosmology in type IIB supergravity, where the dual theory…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-30 Ben Craps , Thomas Hertog , Neil Turok

The expected stress-energy tensor <T_{ab}> of quantum fields generically violates the local positive energy conditions of general relativity. However, <T_{ab}> may satisfy some nonlocal conditions such as the averaged null energy condition…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Eanna Flanagan , Robert Wald

Subregion duality in AdS/CFT implies certain constraints on the geometry: entanglement wedges must contain causal wedges, and nested boundary regions must have nested entanglement wedges. We elucidate the logical connections between these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-18 Chris Akers , Jason Koeller , Stefan Leichenauer , Adam Levine

We prove the Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC), a lower bound on the stress tensor in terms of the second variation in a null direction of the entropy of a region. The QNEC arose previously as a consequence of the Quantum Focussing…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-20 Raphael Bousso , Zachary Fisher , Jason Koeller , Stefan Leichenauer , Aron C. Wall

In this paper we investigate the energy distribution of states of a linear scalar quantum field with arbitrary curvature coupling on a curved spacetime which fulfill some local thermality condition. We find that this condition implies a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jan Schlemmer , Rainer Verch

The Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC) is a new local energy condition that a general Quantum Field Theory (QFT) is believed to satisfy, relating the classical null energy condition (NEC) to the second functional derivative of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-04 Christian Ecker , Daniel Grumiller , Wilke van der Schee , Philipp Stanzer

The Improved Quantum Null Energy Condition (INEC) was recently derived from the (restricted) quantum focusing conjecture (QFC), and is a statement about the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of field theories in Minkowski space-time. It is a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-28 Ido Ben-Dayan , Ayushi Srivastava

We investigate whether the null energy, averaged over some region of spacetime, is bounded below in QFT. First, we use light-sheet quantization to prove a version of the "Smeared Null Energy Condition" (SNEC) proposed in [1], applicable for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-16 Jackson R. Fliss , Ben Freivogel

We consider a scalar field theory on AdS in both minimally and non-minimally coupled cases. We show that there exist constraints which arise in the quantization of the scalar field theory on AdS which cannot be reproduced through the usual…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-02-03 Pablo Minces , Victor O. Rivelles