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Mixture of Experts (MoE) LLMs, characterized by their sparse activation patterns, offer a promising approach to scaling language models while avoiding proportionally increasing the inference cost. However, their large parameter sizes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yichao Yuan , Lin Ma , Nishil Talati

The rapid escalation of applying Machine Learning (ML) in various domains has led to paying more attention to the quality of ML components. There is then a growth of techniques and tools aiming at improving the quality of ML components and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Mohammad Mehdi Morovati , Amin Nikanjam , Foutse Khomh , Zhen Ming , Jiang

Large language model (LLM) services now answer billions of queries per day, and industry reports show that inference, not training, accounts for more than 90% of total power consumption. However, existing benchmarks focus on either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Chenxu Niu , Wei Zhang , Jie Li , Yongjian Zhao , Tongyang Wang , Xi Wang , Yong Chen

Unique developmental and operational characteristics of ML components as well as their inherent uncertainty demand robust engineering principles are used to ensure their quality. We aim to determine how software systems can be (re-)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Alex Serban , Joost Visser

Nowadays, we are witnessing a wide adoption of Machine learning (ML) models in many safety-critical systems, thanks to recent breakthroughs in deep learning and reinforcement learning. Many people are now interacting with systems based on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Houssem Ben Braiek , Foutse Khomh

Scaling up data, parameters, and test-time computation has been the mainstream methods to improve LLM systems (LLMsys), but their upper bounds are almost reached due to the gradual depletion of high-quality data and marginal gains obtained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Qingyao Ai , Yichen Tang , Changyue Wang , Jianming Long , Weihang Su , Yiqun Liu

The recent submission of Google TPU-v3 Pods to the industry wide MLPerf v0.6 training benchmark demonstrates the scalability of a suite of industry relevant ML models. MLPerf defines a suite of models, datasets and rules to follow when…

The explorative and iterative nature of developing and operating machine learning (ML) applications leads to a variety of artifacts, such as datasets, features, models, hyperparameters, metrics, software, configurations, and logs. In order…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Marius Schlegel , Kai-Uwe Sattler

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various fields, from natural language understanding to text generation. Compared to non-generative LLMs like BERT and DeBERTa, generative LLMs like GPT series and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jinhao Li , Jiaming Xu , Shan Huang , Yonghua Chen , Wen Li , Jun Liu , Yaoxiu Lian , Jiayi Pan , Li Ding , Hao Zhou , Yu Wang , Guohao Dai

The field of efficient Large Language Model (LLM) inference is rapidly evolving, presenting a unique blend of opportunities and challenges. Although the field has expanded and is vibrant, there hasn't been a concise framework that analyzes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Zhihang Yuan , Yuzhang Shang , Yang Zhou , Zhen Dong , Zhe Zhou , Chenhao Xue , Bingzhe Wu , Zhikai Li , Qingyi Gu , Yong Jae Lee , Yan Yan , Beidi Chen , Guangyu Sun , Kurt Keutzer

Autonomous research systems capable of generating complete scientific manuscripts have advanced rapidly, yet robust and realistic evaluation frameworks have failed to keep pace. To bridge this gap, we introduce MLReplicate, an end-to-end…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sasi Kiran Gaddipati , Diyana Muhammed , Farhana Keya , Gollam Rabby , Sören Auer

Reinforcement learning (RL) systems have countless applications, from energy-grid management to protein design. However, such real-world scenarios are often extremely difficult, combinatorial in nature, and require complex coordination…

Machine Learning (ML) has transformed many scientific fields, yet key applications still lack standardized benchmarks. Raman spectroscopy, a widely used technique for non-invasive molecular analysis, is one such field where progress is…

Requirements engineering (RE) activities for machine learning (ML) are not well-established and researched in the literature. Many issues and challenges exist when specifying, designing, and developing ML-enabled systems. Adding more focus…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Hugo Villamizar , Marcos Kalinowski , Helio lopes

Empirical and LLM-based research in model-driven engineering increasingly relies on datasets of software models, for instance, to train or evaluate machine learning techniques for modeling support. These datasets have a significant impact…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Philipp-Lorenz Glaser , Lola Burgueño , Dominik Bork

Performance comparison of supervised machine learning (ML) models are widely done in terms of different confusion matrix based scores obtained on test datasets. However, a dataset comprises several instances having different difficulty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Anupam Biswas

We are witnessing an increasing trend towardsusing Machine Learning (ML) based prediction systems, span-ning across different application domains, including productrecommendation systems, personal assistant devices, facialrecognition, etc.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Jashwant Raj Gunasekaran , Prashanth Thinakaran , Cyan Subhra Mishra , Mahmut Taylan Kandemir , Chita R. Das

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly recognized for their exceptional generative capabilities and versatility across various tasks. However, the high inference costs associated with these models have not received adequate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Soham Poddar , Paramita Koley , Janardan Misra , Sanjay Podder , Niloy Ganguly , Saptarshi Ghosh

The exponential increase in dependencies between the cyber and physical world leads to an enormous amount of data which must be efficiently processed and stored. Therefore, computing paradigms are evolving towards machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Faiq Khalid , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Semeen Rehman , Muhammad Shafique

Large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in machine learning research agents that can autonomously propose ideas and conduct experiments. However, existing benchmarks predominantly adopt an engineering-oriented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Qiran Zou , Hou Hei Lam , Wenhao Zhao , Yiming Tang , Tingting Chen , Samson Yu , Tianyi Zhang , Chang Liu , Xiangyang Ji , Dianbo Liu