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Machine learning algorithms can effectively classify malware through dynamic behavior but are susceptible to adversarial attacks. Existing attacks, however, often fail to find an effective solution in both the feature and problem spaces.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Gabriele Digregorio , Salvatore Maccarrone , Mario D'Onghia , Luigi Gallo , Michele Carminati , Mario Polino , Stefano Zanero

Beyond its highly publicized victories in Go, there have been numerous successful applications of deep learning in information retrieval, computer vision and speech recognition. In cybersecurity, an increasing number of companies have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-28 Qinglong Wang , Wenbo Guo , Kaixuan Zhang , Alexander G. Ororbia , Xinyu Xing , C. Lee Giles , Xue Liu

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) are now increasingly leveraging Machine Learning (ML) techniques to detect malicious network activities. Numerous papers have scrutinized the security of ML-based NIDS (ML-NIDS) by testing them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Miel Verkerken , Laurens D'hooge , Bruno Volckaert , Filip De Turck , Giovanni Apruzzese

Malware still constitutes a major threat in the cybersecurity landscape, also due to the widespread use of infection vectors such as documents. These infection vectors hide embedded malicious code to the victim users, facilitating the use…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Davide Maiorca , Battista Biggio , Giorgio Giacinto

Adversarial examples are delicately perturbed inputs, which aim to mislead machine learning models towards incorrect outputs. While most of the existing work focuses on generating adversarial perturbations in multi-class classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Qingquan Song , Haifeng Jin , Xiao Huang , Xia Hu

The recent strides in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have propelled the rise of TinyML, a paradigm enabling AI computations at the edge without dependence on cloud connections. While TinyML offers real-time data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Parin Shah , Yuvaraj Govindarajulu , Pavan Kulkarni , Manojkumar Parmar

Machine learning based solutions have been successfully employed for automatic detection of malware on Android. However, machine learning models lack robustness to adversarial examples, which are crafted by adding carefully chosen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Xiao Chen , Chaoran Li , Derui Wang , Sheng Wen , Jun Zhang , Surya Nepal , Yang Xiang , Kui Ren

Machine learning is becoming increasingly popular as a go-to approach for many tasks due to its world-class results. As a result, antivirus developers are incorporating machine learning models into their products. While these models improve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Matouš Kozák , Martin Jureček , Mark Stamp , Fabio Di Troia

Machine learning based malware detection techniques rely on grayscale images of malware and tends to classify malware based on the distribution of textures in graycale images. Albeit the advancement and promising results shown by machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Sanket Shukla

The vulnerability of deep neural networks to adversarial attacks has been widely demonstrated (e.g., adversarial example attacks). Traditional attacks perform unstructured pixel-wise perturbation to fool the classifier. An alternative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Shuo Wang , Surya Nepal , Carsten Rudolph , Marthie Grobler , Shangyu Chen , Tianle Chen

Deep learning has come a long way and has enjoyed an unprecedented success. Despite high accuracy, however, deep models are brittle and are easily fooled by imperceptible adversarial perturbations. In contrast to common inference-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Ali Borji

Most existing machine learning classifiers are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples. An adversarial example is a sample of input data which has been modified very slightly in a way that is intended to cause a machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-14 Alexey Kurakin , Ian Goodfellow , Samy Bengio

The existence of real-world adversarial examples (commonly in the form of patches) poses a serious threat for the use of deep learning models in safety-critical computer vision tasks such as visual perception in autonomous driving. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Giulio Rossolini , Federico Nesti , Gianluca D'Amico , Saasha Nair , Alessandro Biondi , Giorgio Buttazzo

Machine learning (ML) models that learn and predict properties of computer programs are increasingly being adopted and deployed. These models have demonstrated success in applications such as auto-completing code, summarizing large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Shashank Srikant , Sijia Liu , Tamara Mitrovska , Shiyu Chang , Quanfu Fan , Gaoyuan Zhang , Una-May O'Reilly

Machine learning (ML) models are often sensitive to carefully crafted yet seemingly unnoticeable perturbations. Such adversarial examples are considered to be a property of ML models, often associated with their black-box operation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Elad Sofer , Tomer Shaked , Caroline Chaux , Nir Shlezinger

Adversarial machine learning has exposed several security hazards of neural models and has become an important research topic in recent times. Thus far, the concept of an "adversarial perturbation" has exclusively been used with reference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Siddhant Garg , Adarsh Kumar , Vibhor Goel , Yingyu Liang

The holy grail of networking is to create \textit{cognitive networks} that organize, manage, and drive themselves. Such a vision now seems attainable thanks in large part to the progress in the field of machine learning (ML), which has now…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Muhammad Usama , Junaid Qadir , Ala Al-Fuqaha , Mounir Hamdi

Several moving target defenses (MTDs) to counter adversarial ML attacks have been proposed in recent years. MTDs claim to increase the difficulty for the attacker in conducting attacks by regularly changing certain elements of the defense,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Aqib Rashid , Jose Such

Adversarial attacks, e.g., adversarial perturbations of the input and adversarial samples, pose significant challenges to machine learning and deep learning techniques, including interactive recommendation systems. The latent embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Siyu Wang , Yuanjiang Cao , Xiaocong Chen , Lina Yao , Xianzhi Wang , Quan Z. Sheng

Anti-malware engines are the first line of defense against malicious software. While widely used, feature engineering-based anti-malware engines are vulnerable to unseen (zero-day) attacks. Recently, deep learning-based static anti-malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Mohammadreza Ebrahimi , Ning Zhang , James Hu , Muhammad Taqi Raza , Hsinchun Chen