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Understanding how the structure of language can be learned from sentences alone is a central question in both cognitive science and machine learning. Studies of the internal representations of Large Language Models (LLMs) support their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Jack T. Parley , Francesco Cagnetta , Matthieu Wyart

Word embeddings can reflect the semantic representations, and the embedding qualities can be comprehensively evaluated with human natural reading-related cognitive data sources. In this paper, we proposed the CogniFNN framework, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Xinping Liu , Zehong Cao , Son Tran

Recent studies have been revisiting whole words as the basic modelling unit in speech recognition and query applications, instead of phonetic units. Such whole-word segmental systems rely on a function that maps a variable-length speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-11 Herman Kamper , Weiran Wang , Karen Livescu

Most state-of-the-art approaches for named-entity recognition (NER) use semi supervised information in the form of word clusters and lexicons. Recently neural network-based language models have been explored, as they as a byproduct generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-04-23 Alexandre Passos , Vineet Kumar , Andrew McCallum

A key feature of human intelligence is the ability to generalize beyond the training distribution, for instance, parsing longer sentences than seen in the past. Currently, deep neural networks struggle to generalize robustly to such shifts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Soham Dan , Osbert Bastani , Dan Roth

Recent works using artificial neural networks based on word distributed representation greatly boost the performance of various natural language learning tasks, especially question answering. Though, they also carry along with some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-23 Lingxun Meng , Yan Li , Mengyi Liu , Peng Shu

To simultaneously capture syntax and global semantics from a text corpus, we propose a new larger-context recurrent neural network (RNN) based language model, which extracts recurrent hierarchical semantic structure via a dynamic deep topic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Dandan Guo , Bo Chen , Ruiying Lu , Mingyuan Zhou

This study presents a novel model for invertible sentence embeddings using a residual recurrent network trained on an unsupervised encoding task. Rather than the probabilistic outputs common to neural machine translation models, our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Jeremy Wilkerson

Neural networks provide new possibilities to automatically learn complex language patterns and query-document relations. Neural IR models have achieved promising results in learning query-document relevance patterns, but few explorations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Zhuyun Dai , Jamie Callan

Despite the fast developmental pace of new sentence embedding methods, it is still challenging to find comprehensive evaluations of these different techniques. In the past years, we saw significant improvements in the field of sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Christian S. Perone , Roberto Silveira , Thomas S. Paula

In this paper, we present a novel approach to natural language understanding that utilizes context-free grammars (CFGs) in conjunction with sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) deep learning. Specifically, we take a CFG authored to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-26 Adam James Summerville , James Ryan , Michael Mateas , Noah Wardrip-Fruin

While cross-lingual word embeddings have been studied extensively in recent years, the qualitative differences between the different algorithms remain vague. We observe that whether or not an algorithm uses a particular feature set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Omer Levy , Anders Søgaard , Yoav Goldberg

Different word embedding models capture different aspects of linguistic properties. This inspired us to propose a model (M-MaxLSTM-CNN) for employing multiple sets of word embeddings for evaluating sentence similarity/relation. Representing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Huy Nguyen Tien , Minh Nguyen Le , Yamasaki Tomohiro , Izuha Tatsuya

Knowledge graphs are structured representations of facts in a graph, where nodes represent entities and edges represent relationships between them. Recent research has resulted in the development of several large KGs. However, all of them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Shikhar Vashishth

Comparing spoken segments is a central operation to speech processing. Traditional approaches in this area have favored frame-level dynamic programming algorithms, such as dynamic time warping, because they require no supervision, but they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Shane Settle

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, yet their application to relational deep learning (RDL) remains underexplored. Existing approaches adapt LLMs by traversing relational links…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Fang Wu , Vijay Prakash Dwivedi , Jure Leskovec

The spread of machine learning techniques coupled with the availability of high-quality experimental and numerical data has significantly advanced numerous applications in fluid mechanics. Notable among these are the development of data…

We propose an unsupervised method to obtain cross-lingual embeddings without any parallel data or pre-trained word embeddings. The proposed model, which we call multilingual neural language models, takes sentences of multiple languages as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata

Recursive processing in sentence comprehension is considered a hallmark of human linguistic abilities. However, its underlying neural mechanisms remain largely unknown. We studied whether a modern artificial neural network trained with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yair Lakretz , Dieuwke Hupkes , Alessandra Vergallito , Marco Marelli , Marco Baroni , Stanislas Dehaene

Continuous word representation (aka word embedding) is a basic building block in many neural network-based models used in natural language processing tasks. Although it is widely accepted that words with similar semantics should be close to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Chengyue Gong , Di He , Xu Tan , Tao Qin , Liwei Wang , Tie-Yan Liu