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Distributed representations of meaning are a natural way to encode covariance relationships between words and phrases in NLP. By overcoming data sparsity problems, as well as providing information about semantic relatedness which is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-03-21 Karl Moritz Hermann , Phil Blunsom

Supervised deep learning-based approaches have been applied to task-oriented dialog and have proven to be effective for limited domain and language applications when a sufficient number of training examples are available. In practice, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Oralie Cattan , Christophe Servan , Sophie Rosset

Model merging aims to integrate multiple expert models into a single model that inherits their complementary strengths without incurring the inference-time cost of ensembling. Recent progress has shown that merging can be highly effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shilian Chen , Jie Zhou , Qin Chen , Wen Wu , Xin Li , Qi Feng , Liang He

Multilingual sentence encoders (MSEs) are commonly obtained by training multilingual language models to map sentences from different languages into a shared semantic space. As such, they are subject to curse of multilinguality, a loss of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yongxin Huang , Kexin Wang , Goran Glavaš , Iryna Gurevych

Most state-of-the-art models in natural language processing (NLP) are neural models built on top of large, pre-trained, contextual language models that generate representations of words in context and are fine-tuned for the task at hand.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Brian Lester , Daniel Pressel , Amy Hemmeter , Sagnik Ray Choudhury , Srinivas Bangalore

In this paper, we introduce Cross-View Language Modeling, a simple and effective pre-training framework that unifies cross-lingual and cross-modal pre-training with shared architectures and objectives. Our approach is motivated by a key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Yan Zeng , Wangchunshu Zhou , Ao Luo , Ziming Cheng , Xinsong Zhang

We introduce Trans-gram, a simple and computationally-efficient method to simultaneously learn and align wordembeddings for a variety of languages, using only monolingual data and a smaller set of sentence-aligned data. We use our new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Jocelyn Coulmance , Jean-Marc Marty , Guillaume Wenzek , Amine Benhalloum

This paper investigates the critical problem of representation similarity evolution during cross-domain transfer learning, with particular focus on understanding why pre-trained models maintain effectiveness when adapted to medical imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Wenqiang Zu , Shenghao Xie , Hao Chen , Lei Ma

We introduce an architecture to learn joint multilingual sentence representations for 93 languages, belonging to more than 30 different families and written in 28 different scripts. Our system uses a single BiLSTM encoder with a shared BPE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Mikel Artetxe , Holger Schwenk

One of the first steps in the utterance interpretation pipeline of many task-oriented conversational AI systems is to identify user intents and the corresponding slots. Since data collection for machine learning models for this task is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Sebastian Schuster , Sonal Gupta , Rushin Shah , Mike Lewis

Word alignment which aims to extract lexicon translation equivalents between source and target sentences, serves as a fundamental tool for natural language processing. Recent studies in this area have yielded substantial improvements by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Siyu Lai , Zhen Yang , Fandong Meng , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu , Jie Zhou

We introduce and demonstrate how to effectively train multilingual machine translation models with pixel representations. We experiment with two different data settings with a variety of language and script coverage, demonstrating improved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Elizabeth Salesky , Neha Verma , Philipp Koehn , Matt Post

Most Transformer language models are primarily pretrained on English text, limiting their use for other languages. As the model sizes grow, the performance gap between English and other languages with fewer compute and data resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Malte Ostendorff , Georg Rehm

We re-evaluate the standard practice of sharing weights between input and output embeddings in state-of-the-art pre-trained language models. We show that decoupled embeddings provide increased modeling flexibility, allowing us to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Hyung Won Chung , Thibault Févry , Henry Tsai , Melvin Johnson , Sebastian Ruder

Based on the foundation of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multilingual LLMs (MLLMs) have been developed to address the challenges faced in multilingual natural language processing, hoping to achieve knowledge transfer from high-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuemei Xu , Ling Hu , Jiayi Zhao , Zihan Qiu , Kexin XU , Yuqi Ye , Hanwen Gu

While most machine translation systems to date are trained on large parallel corpora, humans learn language in a different way: by being grounded in an environment and interacting with other humans. In this work, we propose a communication…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Jason Lee , Kyunghyun Cho , Jason Weston , Douwe Kiela

Do multilingual embedding models encode a language-general representation of proficiency? We investigate this by training linear and non-linear probes on hidden-state activations from Qwen3-Embedding (0.6B, 4B, 8B) to predict CEFR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Laurits Lyngbaek , Ross Deans Kristensen-McLachlan

Multimodal Language Analysis is a demanding area of research, since it is associated with two requirements: combining different modalities and capturing temporal information. During the last years, several works have been proposed in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Panagiotis Koromilas , Theodoros Giannakopoulos

We present an approach to learning multi-sense word embeddings relying both on monolingual and bilingual information. Our model consists of an encoder, which uses monolingual and bilingual context (i.e. a parallel sentence) to choose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-31 Simon Šuster , Ivan Titov , Gertjan van Noord

Existing models of multilingual sentence embeddings require large parallel data resources which are not available for low-resource languages. We propose a novel unsupervised method to derive multilingual sentence embeddings relying only on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Ivana Kvapilıkova , Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre , Ondřej Bojar