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Recent studies reveal the potential of recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) for end-to-end (E2E) speech recognition. Among some most popular E2E systems including RNN-T, Attention Encoder-Decoder (AED), and Connectionist Temporal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Bin Wang , Yan Yin , Hui Lin

The computation and memory-intensive nature of DNNs limits their use in many mobile and embedded contexts. Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) hardware accelerators employ matrix multiplication units (such as the systolic arrays)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Ruiqi Sun , Yinchen Ni , Xin He , Jie Zhao , An Zou

Deep learning has driven significant technological advancements, but its high energy consumption limits its use on battery-operated edge devices. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer promising reductions in inference-time energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhanglu Yan , Zhenyu Bai , Tulika Mitra , Weng-Fai Wong

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising substitute for Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) due to their advantages of fast inference and low power consumption. However, the lack of efficient training algorithms has hindered…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Tong Bu , Maohua Li , Zhaofei Yu

Real-world sequential signals, such as audio or video, contain critical information that is often embedded within long periods of silence or noise. While recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are designed to process such data efficiently, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Bojian Yin , Shurong Wang , Haoyu Tan , Sander Bohte , Federico Corradi , Guoqi Li

Benefiting from the event-driven and sparse spiking characteristics of the brain, spiking neural networks (SNNs) are becoming an energy-efficient alternative to artificial neural networks (ANNs). However, the performance gap between SNNs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Man Yao , Guangshe Zhao , Hengyu Zhang , Yifan Hu , Lei Deng , Yonghong Tian , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) provide state-of-the-art performance in processing sequential data but are memory intensive to train, limiting the flexibility of RNN models which can be trained. Reversible RNNs---RNNs for which the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Matthew MacKay , Paul Vicol , Jimmy Ba , Roger Grosse

Recent advances in machine learning have demonstrated an enormous utility of deep learning approaches, particularly Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for materials science. These methods have emerged as powerful tools for high-throughput…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-05-23 Junchi Liu , Ying Tang , Sergei Tretiak , Wenhui Duan , Liujiang Zhou

Recently Resistive-RAM (RRAM) crossbar has been used in the design of the accelerator of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to solve the memory wall issue. However, the intensive multiply-accumulate computations (MACs) executed at the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-10 Xizi Chen , Jingyang Zhu , Jingbo Jiang , Chi-Ying Tsui

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) compute in an event-based matter to achieve a more efficient computation than standard Neural Networks. In SNNs, neuronal outputs (i.e. activations) are not encoded with real-valued activations but with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jan Sommer , M. Akif Özkan , Oliver Keszocze , Jürgen Teich

To maximize the performance and energy efficiency of Spiking Neural Network (SNN) processing on resource-constrained embedded systems, specialized hardware accelerators/chips are employed. However, these SNN chips may suffer from permanent…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique

With increasingly more powerful compute capabilities and resources in today's devices, traditionally compute-intensive automatic speech recognition (ASR) has been moving from the cloud to devices to better protect user privacy. However, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Mingbin Xu , Alex Jin , Sicheng Wang , Mu Su , Tim Ng , Henry Mason , Shiyi Han , Zhihong Lei , Yaqiao Deng , Zhen Huang , Mahesh Krishnamoorthy

Implementing Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) on resource-constrained edge devices is a challenging task that requires tailored hardware accelerator architectures and a clear understanding of their performance characteristics when executing the…

Personalized recommendation systems leverage deep learning models and account for the majority of data center AI cycles. Their performance is dominated by memory-bound sparse embedding operations with unique irregular memory access patterns…

Deep convolution Neural Network (DCNN) has been widely used in computer vision tasks. However, for edge devices even inference has too large computational complexity and data access amount. The inference latency of state-of-the-art models…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Kuan-Ting Lin , Ching-Te Chiu , Jheng-Yi Chang , Shi-Zong Huang , Yu-Ting Li

The recent breakthroughs of deep neural networks (DNNs) and the advent of billions of Internet of Things (IoT) devices have excited an explosive demand for intelligent IoT devices equipped with domain-specific DNN accelerators. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yonggan Fu , Yang Zhao , Qixuan Yu , Chaojian Li , Yingyan Celine Lin

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) provide a promising framework for energy-efficient and biologically grounded computation; however, scalable learning in deep recurrent architectures with sparse connectivity remains a major challenge. In this…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Bo Tang , Weiwei Xie

Intracortical brain-machine interfaces demand low-latency, energy-efficient solutions for neural decoding. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) deployed on neuromorphic hardware have demonstrated remarkable efficiency in neural decoding by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Francesca Rivelli , Martin Popov , Charalampos S. Kouzinopoulos , Guangzhi Tang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are emerging as a formidable tool for processing non-euclidean data across various domains, ranging from social network analysis to bioinformatics. Despite their effectiveness, their adoption has not been…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Kaustubh Shivdikar , Nicolas Bohm Agostini , Malith Jayaweera , Gilbert Jonatan , Jose L. Abellan , Ajay Joshi , John Kim , David Kaeli

The majority of signal data captured in the real world uses numerous sensors with different resolutions. In practice, however, most deep learning architectures are fixed-resolution; they consider a single resolution at training time and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Léa Demeule , Mahtab Sandhu , Glen Berseth