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We propose an approach to referring expression generation (REG) in visually grounded dialogue that is meant to produce referring expressions (REs) that are both discriminative and discourse-appropriate. Our method constitutes a two-stage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Bram Willemsen , Gabriel Skantze

We present REM, a framework for segmenting a wide range of concepts in video that can be described through natural language. Our method leverages the universal visual-language mapping learned by video diffusion models on Internet-scale data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Anurag Bagchi , Zhipeng Bao , Yu-Xiong Wang , Pavel Tokmakov , Martial Hebert

Domain-specific intelligence demands specialized knowledge and sophisticated reasoning for problem-solving, posing significant challenges for large language models (LLMs) that struggle with knowledge hallucination and inadequate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhengren Wang , Jiayang Yu , Dongsheng Ma , Zhe Chen , Yu Wang , Zhiyu Li , Feiyu Xiong , Yanfeng Wang , Weinan E , Linpeng Tang , Wentao Zhang

Because of the pervasive use of deep neural networks (DNNs), especially in high-stakes domains, the interpretability of DNNs has received increased attention. The general idea of rationale extraction (RE) is to provide an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiayi Dai , Randy Goebel

Neural reasoners such as Tiny Recursive Models (TRMs) solve complex problems by combining neural backbones with specialized inference schemes. Such inference schemes have been a central component of stochastic reasoning systems, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Mieszko Komisarczyk , Saurabh Mathur , Maurice Kraus , Sriraam Natarajan , Kristian Kersting

Relation Extraction (RE) is a task that identifies relationships between entities in a text, enabling the acquisition of relational facts and bridging the gap between natural language and structured knowledge. However, current RE models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Pere-Lluís Huguet Cabot , Simone Tedeschi , Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo , Roberto Navigli

Recently, a human evaluation study of Referring Expression Generation (REG) models had an unexpected conclusion: on \textsc{webnlg}, Referring Expressions (REs) generated by the state-of-the-art neural models were not only indistinguishable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Guanyi Chen , Fahime Same , Kees van Deemter

AI-driven geometric problem solving is a complex vision-language task that requires accurate diagram interpretation, mathematical reasoning, and robust cross-modal grounding. A foundational yet underexplored capability for this task is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Bing Liu , Wenqiang Yv , Xuzheng Yang , Shichang Wang , Junzhuo Liu , Peng Wang , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

Neural language models (LMs) represent facts about the world described by text. Sometimes these facts derive from training data (in most LMs, a representation of the word "banana" encodes the fact that bananas are fruits). Sometimes facts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Evan Hernandez , Belinda Z. Li , Jacob Andreas

Query understanding (QU) aims to accurately infer user intent to improve document retrieval. It plays a vital role in modern search engines. While large language models (LLMs) have made notable progress in this area, their effectiveness has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yunfei Zhong , Jun Yang , Yixing Fan , Lixin Su , Maarten de Rijke , Ruqing Zhang , Xueqi Cheng

Sentence-level relation extraction (RE) aims to identify the relationship between 2 entities given a contextual sentence. While there have been many attempts to solve this problem, the current solutions have a lot of room to improve. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 N Harsha Vardhan , Manav Chaudhary

Product search is one of the most popular methods for customers to discover products online. Most existing studies on product search focus on developing effective retrieval models that rank items by their likelihood to be purchased. They,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Qingyao Ai , Yongfeng Zhang , Keping Bi , W. Bruce Croft

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively improves the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, retrieval noises significantly undermine the quality of LLMs' generation, necessitating the development of denoising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinping Zhao , Shouzheng Huang , Yan Zhong , Xinshuo Hu , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Relation extraction (RE) is a core task in natural language processing. Traditional approaches typically frame RE as a supervised learning problem, directly mapping context to labels-an approach that often suffers from poor out-of-domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Runpeng Dai , Tong Zheng , Run Yang , Kaixian Yu , Hongtu Zhu

Although information access systems have long supported people in accomplishing a wide range of tasks, we propose broadening the scope of users of information access systems to include task-driven machines, such as machine learning models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Hamed Zamani , Fernando Diaz , Mostafa Dehghani , Donald Metzler , Michael Bendersky

Natural language understanding tasks such as open-domain question answering often require retrieving and assimilating factual information from multiple sources. We propose to address this problem by integrating a semi-parametric…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Michiel de Jong , Yury Zemlyanskiy , Nicholas FitzGerald , Fei Sha , William Cohen

Procedural memory enables large language model (LLM) agents to internalize "how-to" knowledge, theoretically reducing redundant trial-and-error. However, existing frameworks predominantly suffer from a "passive accumulation" paradigm,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zouying Cao , Jiaji Deng , Li Yu , Weikang Zhou , Zhaoyang Liu , Bolin Ding , Hai Zhao

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) is a vision-language task that localizes a specific image region based on a textual description. Existing REC benchmarks primarily evaluate perceptual capabilities and lack interpretable scoring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tianyi Gao , Hao Li , Han Fang , Xin Wei , Xiaodong Dong , Hongbo Sun , Ye Yuan , Zhongjiang He , Jinglin Xu , Jingmin Xin , Hao Sun

Different from universal object detection, referring expression comprehension (REC) aims to locate specific objects referred to by natural language expressions. The expression provides high-level concepts of relevant visual and contextual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Wei Su , Peihan Miao , Huanzhang Dou , Yongjian Fu , Xi Li

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) is a foundational cross-modal task that evaluates the interplay of language understanding, image comprehension, and language-to-image grounding. It serves as an essential testing ground for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Xuzheng Yang , Junzhuo Liu , Peng Wang , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen