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The Lipschitz constant is an important quantity that arises in analysing the convergence of gradient-based optimization methods. It is generally unclear how to estimate the Lipschitz constant of a complex model. Thus, this paper studies an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-10 Calypso Herrera , Florian Krach , Josef Teichmann

While training error of most deep neural networks degrades as the depth of the network increases, residual networks appear to be an exception. We show that the main reason for this is the Lyapunov stability of the gradient descent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-23 Kamil Nar , Shankar Sastry

Estimating the Lipschitz constant of deep neural networks is of growing interest as it is useful for informing on generalisability and adversarial robustness. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in particular, underpin much of the recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Yusuf Sulehman , Tingting Mu

Deep neural networks and Vision Transformers achieve state-of-the-art performance in computer vision but are highly vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. Standard defenses often incur high computational cost or lack formal guarantees. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Laith Nayal , Mahmoud Mousatat , Bader Rasheed

Since their invention, generative adversarial networks (GANs) have become a popular approach for learning to model a distribution of real (unlabeled) data. Convergence problems during training are overcome by Wasserstein GANs which minimize…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-06 Henning Petzka , Asja Fischer , Denis Lukovnicov

The subgradient method is one of the most fundamental algorithmic schemes for nonsmooth optimization. The existing complexity and convergence results for this method are mainly derived for Lipschitz continuous objective functions. In this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-01 Xiao Li , Lei Zhao , Daoli Zhu , Anthony Man-Cho So

Lipschitz continuity recently becomes popular in generative adversarial networks (GANs). It was observed that the Lipschitz regularized discriminator leads to improved training stability and sample quality. The mainstream implementations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Zhiming Zhou , Jian Shen , Yuxuan Song , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Improving adversarial robustness of neural networks remains a major challenge. Fundamentally, training a neural network via gradient descent is a parameter estimation problem. In adaptive control, maintaining persistency of excitation (PoE)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-18 Kaustubh Sridhar , Oleg Sokolsky , Insup Lee , James Weimer

Despite the promise of Lipschitz-based methods for provably-robust deep learning with deterministic guarantees, current state-of-the-art results are limited to feed-forward Convolutional Networks (ConvNets) on low-dimensional data, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Kai Hu , Andy Zou , Zifan Wang , Klas Leino , Matt Fredrikson

This paper introduces a new parameterization of deep neural networks (both fully-connected and convolutional) with guaranteed $\ell^2$ Lipschitz bounds, i.e. limited sensitivity to input perturbations. The Lipschitz guarantees are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Ruigang Wang , Ian R. Manchester

Block-coordinate algorithms are recognized to furnish efficient iterative schemes for addressing large-scale problems, especially when the computation of full derivatives entails substantial memory requirements and computational efforts. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-16 Pedro Pérez-Aros , David Torregrosa-Belén

Research on adversarial examples in computer vision tasks has shown that small, often imperceptible changes to an image can induce misclassification, which has security implications for a wide range of image processing systems. Considering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Jérôme Rony , Luiz G. Hafemann , Luiz S. Oliveira , Ismail Ben Ayed , Robert Sabourin , Eric Granger

Wasserstein-GANs have been introduced to address the deficiencies of generative adversarial networks (GANs) regarding the problems of vanishing gradients and mode collapse during the training, leading to improved convergence behaviour and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Jan Müller , Reinhard Klein , Michael Weinmann

Decentralized optimization has become a fundamental tool for large-scale learning systems; however, most existing methods rely on the classical Lipschitz smoothness assumption, which is often violated in problems with rapidly varying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-08 Yanan Bo , Yongqiang Wang

We introduce Parseval networks, a form of deep neural networks in which the Lipschitz constant of linear, convolutional and aggregation layers is constrained to be smaller than 1. Parseval networks are empirically and theoretically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-08 Moustapha Cisse , Piotr Bojanowski , Edouard Grave , Yann Dauphin , Nicolas Usunier

We present a theoretical and experimental investigation of the quantization problem for artificial neural networks. We provide a mathematical definition of quantized neural networks and analyze their approximation capabilities, showing in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Matteo Spallanzani , Lukas Cavigelli , Gian Paolo Leonardi , Marko Bertogna , Luca Benini

We study unconstrained Online Linear Optimization with Lipschitz losses. Motivated by the pursuit of instance optimality, we propose a new algorithm that simultaneously achieves ($i$) the AdaGrad-style second order gradient adaptivity; and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Zhiyu Zhang , Heng Yang , Ashok Cutkosky , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis

We study Online Convex Optimization in the unbounded setting where neither predictions nor gradient are constrained. The goal is to simultaneously adapt to both the sequence of gradients and the comparator. We first develop parameter-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Zakaria Mhammedi , Wouter M. Koolen

Certified robustness is a desirable property for deep neural networks in safety-critical applications, and popular training algorithms can certify robustness of a neural network by computing a global bound on its Lipschitz constant.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Yujia Huang , Huan Zhang , Yuanyuan Shi , J Zico Kolter , Anima Anandkumar

The Lipschitz constant plays a crucial role in certifying the robustness of neural networks to input perturbations. Since calculating the exact Lipschitz constant is NP-hard, efforts have been made to obtain tight upper bounds on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yuezhu Xu , S. Sivaranjani