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The amount of visual communication we are facing is rapidly increasing, and skills to process, understand, and generate visual representations are in high demand. Especially students focusing on computer graphics and visualization can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Andrey Krekhov , Michael Michalski , Jens Krüger

Vector Symbolic Architectures combine a high-dimensional vector space with a set of carefully designed operators in order to perform symbolic computations with large numerical vectors. Major goals are the exploitation of their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Kenny Schlegel , Peer Neubert , Peter Protzel

Predicting student performance is a fundamental task in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs), by which we can learn about students' knowledge level and provide personalized teaching strategies for them. Researchers have made plenty of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Mengfan Liu , Pengyang Shao , Kun Zhang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved significant success across various applications. However, their complex structures and inner workings can be challenging for non-AI experts to understand. To address this issue, this study presents…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Yilin Lu , Chongwei Chen , Yuxin Chen , Kexin Huang , Marinka Zitnik , Qianwen Wang

Universal geometric calculus simplifies and unifies the structure and notation of mathematics for all of science and engineering, and for technological applications. This paper treats the fundamentals of the multivector differential…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Eckhard Hitzer

We introduce a notion of planar algebra, the simplest example of which is a vector space of tensors, closed under planar contractions. A planar algebra with suitable positivity properties produces a finite index subfactor of a II_1 factor,…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vaughan F. R. Jones

We study the problem of computer-assisted teaching with explanations. Conventional approaches for machine teaching typically only provide feedback at the instance level e.g., the category or label of the instance. However, it is intuitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Oisin Mac Aodha , Shihan Su , Yuxin Chen , Pietro Perona , Yisong Yue

Tensors are ubiquitous in statistics and data analysis. The central object that links data science to tensor theory and algebra is that of a model with latent variables. We provide an overview of tensor theory, with a particular emphasis on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-22 Marta Casanellas , Luis Sierra , Piotr Zwiernik

We introduce a new OpenMath content dictionary, named tensor1, containing symbols for the expression of tensor formulas. These symbols support the expression of non-Cartesian coordinates and invariant, multilinear expressions in the context…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2010-05-25 Joseph B. Collins

We describe a way to introduce physics high school students with no background in programming to computational problem-solving experiences. Our approach builds on the great strides made by the Modeling Instruction reform curriculum. This…

Vector representations have been pivotal in advancing natural language processing (NLP), with prior research focusing on embedding techniques for mathematical expressions using mathematically equivalent formulations. While effective, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hongbo Zheng , Suyuan Wang , Neeraj Gangwar , Nickvash Kani

Symbolic equations are one of the many representations used in physics. Understanding these representations is important for students because they are how students access knowledge in physics. In this paper I build off of the work by Redish…

Physics Education · Physics 2016-06-08 Eugene T. Torigoe

The theorems of vector analysis (divergence theorem, etc.) are typically first applied in the undergraduate physics curriculum in the context of the electromagnetic field and the differential forms of Maxwell's equations. However, these…

Physics Education · Physics 2014-07-30 Galen T. Pickett

The computation of distance measures between nodes in graphs is inefficient and does not scale to large graphs. We explore dense vector representations as an effective way to approximate the same information: we introduce a simple yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Andrey Kutuzov , Mohammad Dorgham , Oleksiy Oliynyk , Chris Biemann , Alexander Panchenko

The division between two vectors belonging to the same vector space is obtained by elementary procedures of vector algebra and is defined by a matrix. This representation is obtained for two and three dimensional vector spaces. A new vector…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-01-31 José E H Ramírez , E R Oria

In a real-world setting, visual recognition systems can be brought to make predictions for images belonging to previously unknown class labels. In order to make semantically meaningful predictions for such inputs, we propose a two-step…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Vincent P. A. Lonij , Ambrish Rawat , Maria-Irina Nicolae

Teaching assistants (TAs) are often responsible for grading in introductory physics courses at large research universities. Their grading practices can shape students' approaches to problem solving and learning. Physics education research…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-02-16 Emily Marshman , Ryan Sayer , Charles Henderson , Edit Yerushalmi , Chandralekha Singh

A simple Neural Network model is presented for end-to-end visual learning of arithmetic operations from pictures of numbers. The input consists of two pictures, each showing a 7-digit number. The output, also a picture, displays the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-06 Yedid Hoshen , Shmuel Peleg

In recent years, computing has become an important part of the way we teach and learn physics. Teachers, both at high school and college levels, now use computational activities in many of their courses. Physics departments are offering…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-08-31 Hannah C. Sabo , Tor Ole B. Odden , Marcos D. Caballero

Human-annotated datasets with explicit difficulty ratings are essential in intelligent educational systems. Although embedding vector spaces are widely used to represent semantic closeness and are promising for analyzing text difficulty,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Yo Ehara