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Related papers: InSpectre: Breaking and Fixing Microarchitectural …

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The Spectre and Meltdown flaws in modern microprocessors represent a new class of attacks that have been difficult to mitigate. The mitigations that have been proposed have known performance impacts. The reported magnitude of these impacts…

LLM serving platforms are increasingly deployed as multi-model cloud systems, where user demand is often long-tailed: a few popular large models receive most requests, while many smaller tail models remain underutilized. We propose…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jincheng Xie , Yawen Ling , Qi Xiao , Feiyu Zhang , Zhongyi Huang , Wen Hu , Yu Zheng

Speculative execution is crucial in enhancing modern processor performance but can introduce Spectre-type vulnerabilities that may leak sensitive information. Detecting Spectre gadgets from programs has been a research focus to enhance the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Fangzheng Lin , Zhongfa Wang , Hiroshi Sasaki

Since the introduction of the CDC 6600 in 1965 and its `scoreboarding' technique processors have not (necessarily) executed instructions in program order. Programmers of high-level code may sequence independent instructions in arbitrary…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Robert J. Colvin

The severity of recent vulnerabilities discovered on modern CPUs, e.g., Spectre [1], highlights how information leakage can have devas-tating effects to the security of computer systems. At the same time, it suggests that confidentiality…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Lex Bailey , Jim Woodcock , Simon Foster , Roberto Metere

Fault attacks against embedded circuits enabled to define many new attack paths against secure circuits. Every attack path relies on a specific fault model which defines the type of faults that the attacker can perform. On embedded…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-02-27 Nicolas Moro , Karine Heydemann , Emmanuelle Encrenaz , Bruno Robisson

Nowadays, cyberattacks are growing exponentially, causing havoc to Internet users. In particular, authentication attacks constitute the major attack vector where intruders impersonate legitimate users to maliciously access systems or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ang Kok Wee , Eyasu Getahun Chekole , Jianying Zhou

Transient execution attacks utilize micro-architectural covert channels to leak secrets that should not have been accessible during logical program execution. Commonly used micro-architectural covert channels are those that leave lasting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Jacob Fustos , Michael Bechtel , Heechul Yun

Many recent papers have proposed novel electrical measurements or physical inspection technologies for defending printed circuit boards (PCBs) and printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) against tampering. As motivation, these papers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Jacob Harrison , Nathan Jessurun , Mark Tehranipoor

High-confidence computing relies on trusted instructional set architecture, sealed kernels, and secure operating systems. Cloud computing depends on trusted systems for virtualization tasks. Branch predictions and pipelines are essential in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shuangbao Paul Wang

Spectre v1 attacks pose a substantial threat to security-critical software, particularly cryptographic implementations. Existing software mitigations, however, often introduce excessive overhead by indiscriminately hardening instructions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yiming Zhu , Wenchao Huang , Yan Xiong

Computer architecture design space is vast and complex. Tools are needed to explore new ideas and gain insights quickly, with low efforts and at a desired accuracy. We propose Calipers, a criticality-based framework to model key…

Performance · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Hossein Golestani , Rathijit Sen , Vinson Young , Gagan Gupta

Microarchitectural attacks exploit the abstraction gap between the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) and how instructions are actually executed by processors to compromise the confidentiality and integrity of a system. To secure systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Marco Guarnieri , Marco Patrignani

In this work, we investigate how to make use of model reduction techniques to identify the vulnerability of a closed-loop system, consisting of a plant and a supervisor, that might invite attacks. Here, the system vulnerability refers to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-26 Ruochen Tai , Liyong Lin , Rong Su

Modern Out-of-Order (OoO) CPUs are complex systems with many components interleaved in non-trivial ways. Pinpointing performance bottlenecks and understanding the underlying causes of program performance issues are critical tasks to fully…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Alban Dutilleul , Hugo Pompougnac , Nicolas Derumigny , Gabriel Rodriguez , Valentin Trophime , Christophe Guillon , Fabrice Rastello

In a clone node attack, an attacker attempted to physically capture the devices to gather sensitive information to conduct various insider attacks. Several solutions for detecting clone node attacks on IoT networks have been presented in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Khizar Hameed , Saurabh Garg , Muhammad Bilal Amin , Byeong Kang

The Spectre speculative side-channel attacks pose formidable threats for security. Research has shown that code following the cryptographic constant-time discipline can be efficiently protected against Spectre v1 using a selective variant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jonathan Baumann , Roberto Blanco , Léon Ducruet , Sebastian Harwig , Catalin Hritcu

According to the World Economic Forum, cyber attacks are considered as one of the most important sources of risk to companies and institutions worldwide. Attacks can target the network, software, and/or hardware. During the past years, much…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Tara Ghasempouri , Jaan Raik , Cezar Reinbrecht , Said Hamdioui , Mottaqiallah Taouil

In-memory computing architectures provide a much needed solution to energy-efficiency barriers posed by Von-Neumann computing due to the movement of data between the processor and the memory. Functions implemented in such in-memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Sina Sayyah Ensan , Karthikeyan Nagarajan , Mohammad Nasim Imtia Khan , Swaroop Ghosh

The constant-time discipline is a software-based countermeasure used for protecting high assurance cryptographic implementations against timing side-channel attacks. Constant-time is effective (it protects against many known attacks),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Sunjay Cauligi , Craig Disselkoen , Klaus v. Gleissenthall , Dean Tullsen , Deian Stefan , Tamara Rezk , Gilles Barthe