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Evaluating machine translation (MT) quality in extremely low-resource language (ELRL) scenarios poses unique challenges, as widely used metrics such as BLEU, effective in high-resource settings, often misrepresent quality in data-scarce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sanjeev Kumar , Preethi Jyothi , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Neural Machine Translation systems built on top of Transformer-based architectures are routinely improving the state-of-the-art in translation quality according to word-overlap metrics. However, a growing number of studies also highlight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Shanya Sharma , Manan Dey , Koustuv Sinha

Beam search is the go-to method for decoding auto-regressive machine translation models. While it yields consistent improvements in terms of BLEU, it is only concerned with finding outputs with high model likelihood, and is thus agnostic to…

While modern machine translation has relied on large parallel corpora, a recent line of work has managed to train Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems from monolingual corpora only (Artetxe et al., 2018c; Lample et al., 2018). Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre

As Machine Translation (MT) becomes increasingly commonplace, understanding how the general public perceives and relies on imperfect MT is crucial for contextualizing MT research in real-world applications. We present a human study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yimin Xiao , Yongle Zhang , Dayeon Ki , Calvin Bao , Marianna J. Martindale , Charlotte Vaughn , Ge Gao , Marine Carpuat

One of the difficulties of neural machine translation (NMT) is the recall and appropriate translation of low-frequency words or phrases. In this paper, we propose a simple, fast, and effective method for recalling previously seen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Jingyi Zhang , Masao Utiyama , Eiichro Sumita , Graham Neubig , Satoshi Nakamura

Document-level machine translation conditions on surrounding sentences to produce coherent translations. There has been much recent work in this area with the introduction of custom model architectures and decoding algorithms. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Zhiyi Ma , Sergey Edunov , Michael Auli

Neural Machine Translation (MT) has radically changed the way systems are developed. A major difference with the previous generation (Phrase-Based MT) is the way monolingual target data, which often abounds, is used in these two paradigms.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Franck Burlot , François Yvon

The success of bidirectional encoders using masked language models, such as BERT, on numerous natural language processing tasks has prompted researchers to attempt to incorporate these pre-trained models into neural machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Haoran Xu , Benjamin Van Durme , Kenton Murray

Most existing simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) systems are trained and evaluated on offline translation corpora. We argue that SiMT systems should be trained and tested on real interpretation data. To illustrate this argument, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Jinming Zhao , Philip Arthur , Gholamreza Haffari , Trevor Cohn , Ehsan Shareghi

We present a survey on multilingual neural machine translation (MNMT), which has gained a lot of traction in the recent years. MNMT has been useful in improving translation quality as a result of translation knowledge transfer (transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Raj Dabre , Chenhui Chu , Anoop Kunchukuttan

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is the task of translating a text from one language to another with the use of a trained neural network. Several existing works aim at incorporating external information into NMT models to improve or control…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Charles Brazier , Jean-Luc Rouas

Automated metrics for machine translation attempt to replicate human judgment. Unlike humans, who often assess a translation in the context of multiple alternatives, these metrics typically consider only the source sentence and a single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Maike Züfle , Vilém Zouhar , Tu Anh Dinh , Felipe Maia Polo , Jan Niehues , Mrinmaya Sachan

We present a survey on multilingual neural machine translation (MNMT), which has gained a lot of traction in the recent years. MNMT has been useful in improving translation quality as a result of knowledge transfer. MNMT is more promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Raj Dabre , Chenhui Chu , Anoop Kunchukuttan

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation (MNMT) enables one system to translate sentences from multiple source languages to multiple target languages, greatly reducing deployment costs compared with conventional bilingual systems. The MNMT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Akiko Eriguchi , Shufang Xie , Tao Qin , Hany Hassan Awadalla

Decisions by Machine Learning (ML) models have become ubiquitous. Trusting these decisions requires understanding how algorithms take them. Hence interpretability methods for ML are an active focus of research. A central problem in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Philipp Schmidt , Felix Biessmann

Entity-aware machine translation (EAMT) is a complicated task in natural language processing due to not only the shortage of translation data related to the entities needed to translate but also the complexity in the context needed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 An Trieu , Phuong Nguyen , Minh Le Nguyen

Neural translation models have proven to be effective in capturing sufficient information from a source sentence and generating a high-quality target sentence. However, it is not easy to get the best effect for bidirectional translation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Parnia Bahar , Christopher Brix , Hermann Ney

We present a novel approach to detecting over and under translations (OT/UT) as part of adequacy error checks in translation evaluation. We do not restrict ourselves to machine translation (MT) outputs and specifically target applications…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Prabhakar Gupta , Ridha Juneja , Anil Nelakanti , Tamojit Chatterjee

This paper presents EvolveMT for efficiently combining multiple machine translation (MT) engines. The proposed system selects the output from a single engine for each segment by utilizing online learning techniques to predict the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Kamer Ali Yuksel , Ahmet Gunduz , Mohamed Al-Badrashiny , Shreyas Sharma , Hassan Sawaf