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Quantum Phase Estimation is one of the most useful quantum computing algorithms for quantum chemistry and as such, significant effort has been devoted to designing efficient implementations. In this article, we introduce TFermion, a library…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Pablo A. M. Casares , Roberto Campos , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Iterative phase estimation has long been used in quantum computing to estimate Hamiltonian eigenvalues. This is done by applying many repetitions of the same fundamental simulation circuit to an initial state, and using statistical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-25 Ian D. Kivlichan , Christopher E. Granade , Nathan Wiebe

Quantum computers will work by evolving a high tensor power of a small (e.g. two) dimensional Hilbert space by local gates, which can be implemented by applying a local Hamiltonian H for a time t. In contrast to this quantum engineering,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Michael H. Freedman , Alexei Kitaev , Zhenghan Wang

In conventional circuit-based quantum computing architectures, the standard gate set includes arbitrary single-qubit rotations and two-qubit entangling gates. This choice is not always aligned with the native operations available in certain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Vinit Singh , Bin Yan

Controlled unitary gates are a basic element in many quantum algorithms. Converting a general unitary $U$ with a known decomposition into its controlled version, controlled-$U$, can introduce a large overhead in terms of the depth of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Carlos Navas-Merlo , Juan Carlos García-Escartín

In the last years, we have been witnessing a tremendous push to demonstrate that quantum computers can solve classically intractable problems. This effort, initially focused on the hardware, progressively included the simplification of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-26 Lane G. Gunderman , Andrew J. Jena , Luca Dellantonio

To build a general-purpose quantum computer, it is crucial for the quantum devices to implement classical boolean logic. A straightforward realization of quantum boolean logic is to use auxiliary qubits as intermediate storage. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 I. M. Tsai , S. Y. Kuo

This paper extends the energy-based version of the stochastic linearization method, known for classical nonlinear systems, to open quantum systems with canonically commuting dynamic variables governed by quantum stochastic differential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-21 Igor G. Vladimirov , Ian R. Petersen

A quantum algorithm is presented for the simulation of arbitrary Markovian dynamics of a qubit, described by a semigroup of single qubit quantum channels $\{T_t\}$ specified by a generator $\mathcal{L}$. This algorithm requires only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-30 R. Sweke , I. Sinayskiy , F. Petruccione

In this paper, we settle the long-standing open problem of the minimum cost of two-qubit gates for simulating a Toffoli gate. More precisely, we show that five two-qubit gates are necessary. Before our work, it is known that five gates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-24 Nengkun Yu , Runyao Duan , Mingsheng Ying

Today's devices for quantum computing are still far from implementing useful and powerful quantum algorithms. Decoherence and the wish to resist the effects of errors in a system of quantum bits incurs a lot of overhead in the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Torsten Asselmeyer-Maluga , Matthias Kolbe , Helge Rose'

Scalable quantum computation in realistic devices requires that precise control can be implemented efficiently in the presence of decoherence and operational errors. We propose a general constructive procedure for designing robust unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-21 Kaveh Khodjasteh , Lorenza Viola

Quantization has proven effective in high-resolution and large-scale simulations, which benefit from bit-level memory saving. However, identifying a quantization scheme that meets the requirement of both precision and memory efficiency…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Jiafeng Liu , Haoyang Shi , Siyuan Zhang , Yin Yang , Chongyang Ma , Weiwei Xu

Many quantum algorithms, such as adiabatic algorithms (e.g. AQC) and phase randomisation, require simulating Hamiltonian evolution. In addition, the simulation of physical systems is an important objective in its own right. In many cases,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Benoît Dubus , Joseph Cunningham , Jérémie Roland

Time-dependent Hamiltonian simulation (TDHS) is a critical task in quantum computing. Existing algorithms are generally biased with a small algorithmic error $\varepsilon$, and the gate complexity scales as $O(\text{poly}(1/\varepsilon))$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 Xiao-Ming Zhang , Zixuan Huo , Kecheng Liu , Ying Li , Xiao Yuan

Quantum simulations of chemistry in first quantization offer important advantages over approaches in second quantization including faster convergence to the continuum limit and the opportunity for practical simulations outside the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-02 Yuan Su , Dominic W. Berry , Nathan Wiebe , Nicholas Rubin , Ryan Babbush

Quantum approaches to combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are often limited by the resource demands of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) encodings, which enlarge circuits through penalty terms and increase qubit and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Frederik Koch , Shahram Panahiyan , Rick Mukherjee , Joseph Doetsch , Dieter Jaksch

We derive and investigate a general non-Markovian equation for the time-dependence of a Hamiltonian that maximizes the fidelity of a desired quantum gate on any finite-dimensional quantum system in the presence of arbitrary bath and noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-12 Jens Clausen , Guy Bensky , Gershon Kurizki

We present a framework for computing the solution to Hamiltonian eigenproblems in a subspace defined by bit-strings sampled from a quantum computer. Hamiltonians are represented using an extended alphabet that includes projection and ladder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 Paul D. Nation , Abdullah Ash Saki , Hwajung Kang

A quantum unitary gate is realized in this paper by perturbing a free charged particle in a one-dimensional box with a time- and position-varying electric field. The perturbed Hamiltonian is composed of a free particle Hamiltonian plus a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Kumar Gautam