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Princeton WordNet is one of the most important resources for natural language processing, but is only available for English. While it has been translated using the expand approach to many other languages, this is an expensive manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Mihael Arcan , John McCrae , Paul Buitelaar

Multilingual data from the web is essential for LLM pretraining. Yet, scraping it is expensive, and research groups repeatedly crawl the same content. For example, we found that over 40\% of tokens across major Arabic web corpora are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Sultan Alrashed , Francesco Orabona

We investigate fingerprints in pretraining datasets for large language models (LLMs) through dataset classification experiments. Building on prior work demonstrating the existence of fingerprints or biases in popular computer vision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Youssef Mansour , Reinhard Heckel

Pretrained language models are now ubiquitous in Natural Language Processing. Despite their success, most available models have either been trained on English data or on the concatenation of data in multiple languages. This makes practical…

Most of the current methods for mining parallel texts from the web assume that web pages of web sites share same structure across languages. We believe that there still exists a non-negligible amount of parallel data spread across sources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Jakub Kúdela , Irena Holubová , Ondřej Bojar

The paper presents a FrameNet-based information extraction and knowledge representation framework, called FrameNet-CNL. The framework is used on natural language documents and represents the extracted knowledge in a tailor-made…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-06-11 Guntis Barzdins

Massive knowledge graphs like Wikidata attempt to capture world knowledge about multiple entities. Recent approaches concentrate on automatically enriching these KGs from text. However a lot of information present in the form of natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Bhavyajeet Singh , Pavan Kandru , Anubhav Sharma , Vasudeva Varma

The promise of data-driven materials discovery remains constrained by the scarcity of large, high-quality, and accessible experimental datasets. Here, we introduce a generalizable large language model (LLM)-powered pipeline for automated…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-28 Zhanzhao Li , Kengran Yang , Qiyao He , Kai Gong

This article presents a pipeline for automated fact-checking leveraging publicly available Language Models and data. The objective is to assess the accuracy of textual claims using evidence from a ground-truth evidence corpus. The pipeline…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Jan Drchal , Herbert Ullrich , Tomáš Mlynář , Václav Moravec

Over recent years, an increasing amount of compute and data has been poured into training large language models (LLMs), usually by doing one-pass learning on as many tokens as possible randomly selected from large-scale web corpora. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Kushal Tirumala , Daniel Simig , Armen Aghajanyan , Ari S. Morcos

English, as a very high-resource language, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same cannot be said for most other languages, as leading LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

High-resource languages such as English, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same can not be said for most other languages as LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a gap in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , David Adelani , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

Many Natural Language Processing applications nowadays rely on pre-trained word representations estimated from large text corpora such as news collections, Wikipedia and Web Crawl. In this paper, we show how to train high-quality word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Tomas Mikolov , Edouard Grave , Piotr Bojanowski , Christian Puhrsch , Armand Joulin

This work compares concept models for cross-language retrieval: First, we adapt probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis (pLSA) for multilingual documents. Experiments with different weighting schemes show that a weighting method favoring…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-01-13 Benjamin Roth

Recently published work on rephrasing natural text data for pre-training LLMs has shown promising results when combining the original dataset with the synthetically rephrased data. We build upon previous work by replicating existing results…

Large language models (LLMs) under-perform on low-resource languages due to limited training data. We present a method to efficiently collect text data for low-resource languages from the entire Common Crawl corpus. Our approach,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Bethel Melesse Tessema , Akhil Kedia , Tae-Sun Chung

During the development of large language models (LLMs), the scale and quality of the pre-training data play a crucial role in shaping LLMs' capabilities. To accelerate the research of LLMs, several large-scale datasets, such as C4 [1], Pile…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jianghao Chen , Pu Jian , Tengxiao Xi , Dongyi Yi , Qianlong Du , Chenglin Ding , Guibo Zhu , Chengqing Zong , Jinqiao Wang , Jiajun Zhang

Dataset curation has become a basis for strong large language model (LLM) performance. While various rule-based filtering heuristics exist for English and multilingual datasets, model-based filtering techniques have primarily focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Bettina Messmer , Vinko Sabolčec , Martin Jaggi

We present an ongoing initiative to provide open, very large, high-quality, and richly annotated textual datasets for almost 200 languages. At 30 trillion tokens, this is likely the largest generally available multilingual collection of LLM…

Large language models are trained on massive scrapes of the web, which are often unstructured, noisy, and poorly phrased. Current scaling laws show that learning from such data requires an abundance of both compute and data, which grows…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Pratyush Maini , Skyler Seto , He Bai , David Grangier , Yizhe Zhang , Navdeep Jaitly