Related papers: Understanding Thermal Annealing of Artificial Spin…
We have used soft x-ray photoemission electron microscopy to image the magnetization of single domain La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$ nano-islands arranged in geometrically frustrated configurations such as square ice and kagome ice…
Artificial spin ice arrays of micromagnetic islands are a means of engineering additional energy scales and frustration into magnetic materials. Despite much progress in elucidating the properties of such arrays, the `spins' in the systems…
We have studied the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the total magnetic moment of large-area permalloy artificial square spin ice arrays. The temperature dependence and hysteresis behavior are consistent with the coherent…
We present a direct experimental investigation of the thermal ordering in an artificial analogue of an asymmetric two dimensional Ising system composed of a rectangular array of nano-fabricated magnetostatically interacting islands. During…
Artificial spin ices (ASI) are arrays of single domain nano-magnetic islands, arranged in geometries that give rise to frustrated magnetostatic interactions. It is possible to reach their ground state via thermal annealing. We have made…
We report on the study of the thermal dynamics of square artificial spin ice, probed by means of temperature and frequency dependent AC susceptibility. Pronounced influence of the inter-island coupling strength was found on the frequency…
We use the sixteen vertex model to describe bi-dimensional artificial spin ice (ASI). We find excellent agreement between vertex densities in fifteen differently grown samples and the predictions of the model. Our results demonstrate that…
We report the annealing-induced enhancement of ferromagnetism and nano-particle formation in group-IV-based ferromagnetic-semiconductor GeFe. We successfully increase the Curie temperature of the Ge0.895Fe0.105 film up to ~220 K while…
We investigate experimentally magnetic frustration effects in thermally active artificial kagome spin ice. Starting from a paramagnetic state, the system is cooled down below the Curie temperature of the constituent material. The resulting…
In this paper, the Curie temperature of ferroelectric films is studied using spin-1/2 transverse Ising model with long-range interaction within the framework of the effective-field theory. The dependence of the Curie temperature on the…
The nonlocal spin resistance is measured as a function of temperature in a Fe/GaAs spin-injection device. For nonannealed samples that show minority-spin injection, the spin resistance is observed up to room temperature and decays…
Simulated annealing is an effective and general means of optimization. It is in fact inspired by metallurgy, where the temperature of a material determines its behavior in thermodynamics. Likewise, in simulated annealing, the actions that…
We analyze the rotational demagnetization of artificial spin ice, a recently realized array of nanoscale single-domain ferromagnetic islands. Demagnetization does not anneal this model system into its anti-ferromagnetic ground state: the…
We provide experimental and numerical evidence for thermal excitations within and among magnetic mesospins, forming artificial spin ice structures. At low temperatures, a decrease in magnetization and increase in susceptibility is observed…
Annealing is the process of gradually lowering the temperature of a system to guide it towards its lowest energy states. In an accompanying paper [Luo et al. Phys. Rev. E 108, L052105 (2023)], we derived a general bound on annealing…
We study the implications of the anisotropic magnetic resistance on permalloy nanowires, and in particular on the property of the resistance depending on the type of lattice. We discuss how the internal spin configuration of artificial spin…
The energetics of thin elongated ferromagnetic nano-islands is considered for some different shapes, aspect ratios, and applied magnetic field directions. These nano-island particles are important for artificial spin-ice materials. For low…
Artificial spin ice has become a valuable tool for understanding magnetic interactions on a microscopic level. The strength in the approach lies in the ability of a synthetic array of nanoscale magnets to mimic crystalline materials,…
The present study reports Al induced crystallization (AIC) of amorphous (a)-SiGe in Al-Ge-Si ternary system at low temperature ~ 350 degree C. In addition to crystallization, the isothermal annealing of a-SiGe/AlOx/Al/corning-glass (CG)…
Artificial spin ices are arrays of correlated nano-scale magnetic islands that prove an excellent playground in which to study the role of topology in critical phenomena. Here, we investigate a continuum of spin ice geometries,…