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Analog computing has reemerged as a promising avenue for accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) due to its potential to overcome the energy efficiency and scalability challenges posed by traditional digital architectures. However,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Cansu Demirkiran , Lakshmi Nair , Darius Bunandar , Ajay Joshi

Today, there are a plethora of In-Memory Computing (IMC) devices- SRAMs, PCMs & FeFETs, that emulate convolutions on crossbar-arrays with high throughput. Each IMC device offers its own pros & cons during inference of Deep Neural Networks…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

Emerging resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) has recently been intensively investigated to accelerate the processing of deep neural networks (DNNs). Due to the in-situ computation capability, analog ReRAM crossbars yield significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Jingyang Zhang , Huanrui Yang , Fan Chen , Yitu Wang , Hai Li

Analog crossbar arrays comprising programmable nonvolatile resistors are under intense investigation for acceleration of deep neural network training. However, the ubiquitous asymmetric conductance modulation of practical resistive devices…

IoT devices based on microcontroller units (MCU) provide ultra-low power consumption and ubiquitous computation for near-sensor deep learning models (DNN). However, the memory of MCU is usually 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than mobile…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Size Zheng , Renze Chen , Meng Li , Zihao Ye , Luis Ceze , Yun Liang

The byte-addressable Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) is a promising technology since it simultaneously provides DRAM-like performance, disk-like capacity, and persistency. The current NVM deployment is symmetric, where NVM devices are directly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Teng Ma , Mingxing Zhang , Kang Chen , Xuehai Qian , Yongwei Wu

Emerging non-volatile memory (NVM)-based Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures show substantial promise in accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) due to their exceptional energy efficiency. However, NVM devices are prone to device…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

In today's era of smart cyber-physical systems, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have become ubiquitous due to their state-of-the-art performance in complex real-world applications. The high computational complexity of these networks, which…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Giuseppe Maria Sarda , Alberto Marchisio , Guido Masera , Maurizio Martina , Muhammad Shafique

Non-volatile memory, such as resistive RAM (RRAM), is an emerging energy-efficient storage, especially for low-power machine learning models on the edge. It is reported, however, that the bit error rate of RRAMs can be up to 3.3% in the…

Applying deep neural networks (DNNs) in mobile and safety-critical systems, such as autonomous vehicles, demands a reliable and efficient execution on hardware. Optimized dedicated hardware accelerators are being developed to achieve this.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Christoph Schorn , Thomas Elsken , Sebastian Vogel , Armin Runge , Andre Guntoro , Gerd Ascheid

With the increasing extent of malware attacks in the present day along with the difficulty in detecting modern malware, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) for malware classification.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Akhil M R , Adithya Krishna V Sharma , Harivardhan Swamy , Pavan A , Ashray Shetty , Anirudh B Sathyanarayana

Because deep neural networks (DNNs) rely on a large number of parameters and computations, their implementation in energy-constrained systems is challenging. In this paper, we investigate the solution of reducing the supply voltage of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , François Leduc-Primeau , Amal Ben Soussia , Vincent Gripon , François Gagnon

Passive resistive random access memory (ReRAM) crossbar arrays, a promising emerging technology used for analog matrix-vector multiplications, are far superior to their active (1T1R) counterparts in terms of the integration density.…

In-memory computing is a promising non-von Neumann approach for making energy-efficient deep learning inference hardware. Crossbar arrays of resistive memory devices can be used to encode the network weights and perform efficient analog…

The on-chip implementation of learning algorithms would speed-up the training of neural networks in crossbar arrays. The circuit level design and implementation of backpropagation algorithm using gradient descent operation for neural…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Olga Krestinskaya , Khaled Nabil Salama , Alex Pappachen James

The demand for computation resources and energy efficiency of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) applications requires a new paradigm to overcome the "Memory Wall". Analog In-Memory Computing (AIMC) is a promising paradigm since it…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Nazareno Bruschi , Giuseppe Tagliavini , Angelo Garofalo , Francesco Conti , Irem Boybat , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

The evolution of quantization and mixed-precision techniques has unlocked new possibilities for enhancing the speed and energy efficiency of NNs. Several recent studies indicate that adapting precision levels across different parameters can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Giorgos Armeniakos , Alexis Maras , Sotirios Xydis , Dimitrios Soudris

Analog crossbar architectures for accelerating neural network training and inference have made tremendous progress over the past several years. These architectures are ideal for dense layers with fewer than roughly a thousand neurons.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Jack D. Kendall , Ross D. Pantone , Juan C. Nino

The prediction accuracy of the deep neural networks (DNNs) after deployment at the edge can suffer with time due to shifts in the distribution of the new data. To improve robustness of DNNs, they must be able to update themselves to enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Kshitij Bhardwaj , James Diffenderfer , Bhavya Kailkhura , Maya Gokhale

The operations used for neural network computation map favorably onto simple analog circuits, which outshine their digital counterparts in terms of compactness and efficiency. Nevertheless, such implementations have been largely supplanted…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Jonathan Binas , Daniel Neil , Giacomo Indiveri , Shih-Chii Liu , Michael Pfeiffer