Related papers: Conservation laws and energy transformations in a …
We present examples of simple electromagnetic systems in which energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum exhibit interesting behavior. The systems are sufficiently simple to allow exact solutions of Maxwell's equations in conjunction…
Statistical mechanics descriptions of the second law of thermodynamics generally imply point-like particles driven by a dissipative overall mechanism for their simultaneous time-evolution. As the number of involved particles grows larger,…
The second law of thermodynamics places a limitation into which states a system can evolve into. For systems in contact with a heat bath, it can be combined with the law of energy conservation, and it says that a system can only evolve into…
Several systems display an equilibrium condensation transition, where a finite fraction of a conserved quantity is spatially localized. The presence of two conservation laws may induce the emergence of such transition in an…
We study energy transport in a one-dimensional model of elastically colliding particles with alternate masses $m$ and $M$. In order to prevent total momentum conservation we confine particles with mass $M$ inside a cell of finite size. We…
Energy conservation has the status of a fundamental physical principle. However, measurements in quantum mechanics do not comply with energy conservation. Therefore, it is expected that a more fundamental theory of gravity -- one that is…
We investigate conservation laws in the quantum mechanics of closed systems. We review an argument showing that exact decoherence implies the exact conservation of quantities that commute with the Hamiltonian including the total energy and…
In this paper we study a class of physical systems that combine a finite number of mechanical and thermodynamic observables. We call them finite dimensional thermo-mechanical systems. We introduce these systems by means of simple examples.…
A simple and effective approach to thermodynamics is suggested, which solves the major difficulties in the traditional presentation of the subject. The internal energy is introduced from the behavior of deformable bodies, whereas the…
Quantum collision models allow for the dynamics of open quantum systems to be described by breaking the environment into small segments, typically consisting of non-interacting harmonic oscillators or two-level systems. This work introduces…
It is emphasized that the collapse postulate of standard quantum theory can violate conservation of energy-momentum and there is no indication from where the energy-momentum comes or to where it goes. Likewise, in the Continuous Spontaneous…
An actual infinity of colliding balls can be in a configuration in which the laws of mechanics lead to logical inconsistency. It is argued that one should therefore limit the domain of these laws to a finite, or only a potentially infinite…
We introduce a new model of aggregation of particles where in addition to diffusion and aggregation upon contact, a single unit of mass can dissociate from a conglomerate. This dissociation move conserves the total mass and leads to a…
We consider the classical dynamics of two particles moving in harmonic potential wells and interacting with the same external environment (HE), consisting of N non-interacting chaotic systems. The parameters are set so that when either…
In the present work foundations of the law of the energy conservation and the introduction of particles in the classical electrodynamics are discussed. We pay attention to a logic error which takes place at an interpretation of the…
Arguments about the conservation laws of energy and momentum in the micro-world being statistical or strict began in 1924, and conflicting viewpoints remain today. The former is mainly supported theoretically, but the latter has been proved…
Under certain conditions usually fulfilled in classical mechanics, the principle of conservation of linear momentum and Newton's third law are equivalent. However, the demonstration of this fact is usually incomplete in textbooks. We shall…
We study some mechanical problems in which a friction force is acting on the system. Using the fundamental concepts of state, time evolution and energy conservation we explain how to extend Newtonian mechanics to thermodynamics. We arrive…
The 2nd law of thermodynamics is used to shed light on present-day puzzles in cosmology. The universal law, given as an equation of motion, describes diverse systems when consuming free energy via various mechanisms to attain stationary…
A class of partial differential equations (a conservation law and four balance laws), with four independent variables and involving sixteen arbitrary continuously differentiable functions, is considered in the framework of equivalence…