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The multi-million dollar investment required for modern machine learning (ML) has made large ML models a prime target for theft. In response, the field of model stealing has emerged. Attacks based on physical side-channel information have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Peter Horvath , Ilia Shumailov , Lukasz Chmielewski , Lejla Batina , Yuval Yarom

The confidentiality of trained AI models on edge devices is at risk from side-channel attacks exploiting power and electromagnetic emissions. This paper proposes a novel training methodology to enhance resilience against such threats by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Anuj Dubey , Aydin Aysu

Neural networks are valuable intellectual property due to the significant computational cost, expert labor, and proprietary data involved in their development. Consequently, protecting their parameters is critical not only for maintaining a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ashley Kurian , Aydin Aysu

Split learning and differential privacy are technologies with growing potential to help with privacy-compliant advanced analytics on distributed datasets. Attacks against split learning are an important evaluation tool and have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Grzegorz Gawron , Philip Stubbings

Machine learning models used for distributed architectures consisting of servers and clients require large amounts of data to achieve high accuracy. Data obtained from clients are collected on a central server for model training. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Ozer Ozturk , Busra Buyuktanir , Gozde Karatas Baydogmus , Kazim Yildiz

Face recognition is a mainstream biometric authentication method. However, vulnerability to presentation attacks (a.k.a spoofing) limits its usability in unsupervised applications. Even though there are many methods available for tackling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Anjith George , Zohreh Mostaani , David Geissenbuhler , Olegs Nikisins , Andre Anjos , Sebastien Marcel

Deep Learning is currently used to perform multiple tasks, such as object recognition, face recognition, and natural language processing. However, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to perturbations that alter the network prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Joana C. Costa , Tiago Roxo , Hugo Proença , Pedro R. M. Inácio

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are employed in an increasing number of applications, some of which are safety critical. Unfortunately, DNNs are known to be vulnerable to so-called adversarial attacks that manipulate inputs to cause incorrect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Mohammad Hossein Samavatian , Saikat Majumdar , Kristin Barber , Radu Teodorescu

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are well-known to be vulnerable to Adversarial Examples (AEs). A large amount of efforts have been spent to launch and heat the arms race between the attackers and defenders. Recently, advanced gradient-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Han Qiu , Yi Zeng , Qinkai Zheng , Tianwei Zhang , Meikang Qiu , Gerard Memmi

As neural networks continue their reach into nearly every aspect of software operations, the details of those networks become an increasingly sensitive subject. Even those that deploy neural networks embedded in physical devices may wish to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Xing Hu , Ling Liang , Lei Deng , Shuangchen Li , Xinfeng Xie , Yu Ji , Yufei Ding , Chang Liu , Timothy Sherwood , Yuan Xie

Adversarial poisoning attacks distort training data in order to corrupt the test-time behavior of a classifier. A provable defense provides a certificate for each test sample, which is a lower bound on the magnitude of any adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Alexander Levine , Soheil Feizi

The side-channel attack is an attack method based on the information gained about implementations of computer systems, rather than weaknesses in algorithms. Information about system characteristics such as power consumption, electromagnetic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Guanlin Li , Chang Liu , Han Yu , Yanhong Fan , Libang Zhang , Zongyue Wang , Meiqin Wang

Supervised deep learning has emerged as an effective tool for carrying out power side-channel attacks on cryptographic implementations. While increasingly-powerful deep learning-based attacks are regularly published, comparatively-little…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jimmy Gammell , Anand Raghunathan , Kaushik Roy

Due to the nature of applications such as critical infrastructure and the Internet of Things etc. side channel analysis attacks are becoming a serious threat. Side channel analysis attacks take advantage from the fact that the behavior of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Ievgen Kabin , Zoya Dyka , Dan Klann , Peter Langendoerfer

Adversarial attacks have exposed serious vulnerabilities in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) through their ability to force misclassifications through human-imperceptible perturbations to DNN inputs. We explore a new direction in the field of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Sarada Krithivasan , Sanchari Sen , Anand Raghunathan

Optical Processing Units (OPUs) -- low-power photonic chips dedicated to large scale random projections -- have been used in previous work to train deep neural networks using Direct Feedback Alignment (DFA), an effective alternative to…

Implementation attacks like side-channel and fault attacks pose a considerable threat to cryptographic devices that are physically accessible by an attacker. As a consequence, devices like smart cards implement corresponding countermeasures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Vedad Hadzic , Robert Primas , Roderick Bloem

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are ubiquitous and span a variety of applications ranging from image classification to real-time object detection. As DNN models become more sophisticated, the computational cost of training these models becomes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Bernard Ghanem

As powerful tools for representation learning on graphs, graph neural networks (GNNs) have played an important role in applications including social networks, recommendation systems, and online web services. However, GNNs have been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Haoran Liu , Bokun Wang , Jianling Wang , Xiangjue Dong , Tianbao Yang , James Caverlee

The various benefits of multi-tenanting, such as higher device utilization and increased profit margin, intrigue the cloud field-programmable gate array (FPGA) servers to include multi-tenanting in their infrastructure. However, this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Nithyashankari Gummidipoondi Jayasankaran , Hao Guo , Satwik Patnaik , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran , Jiang Hu