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The bifurcation of figure-eight choreography is analyzed by its symmetry group based on the variational principle of the action. The irreducible representations determine the symmetry and the dimension of the Lyapunov-Schmidt reduced…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Hiroshi Fukuda , Hiroshi Ozaki

This paper demonstrates the existence of twistless tori and the associated reconnection bifurcations and meandering curves in the planar circular restricted three-body problem. Near the Lagrangian equilibrium $\mathcal{L}_4$ a twistless…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Holger R Dullin , Joachim Worthington

The discovery of Pluto's small moons in the last decade brought attention to the dynamics of the dwarf planet's satellites. With such systems in mind, we study a planar $N$-body system in which all the bodies are point masses, except for a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-04 James A. Kwiecinski , Attila Kovacs , Andrew L. Krause , Ferran Brosa Planella , Robert A. Van Gorder

Consider the Restricted Planar Circular 3 Body Problem with both realistic mass ratio and Jacobi constant for the Sun-Jupiter pair. We prove the existence of all possible combinations of past and future final motions. In particular, we…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Maciej J. Capiński , Marcel Guardia , Pau Martín , Tere Seara , Piotr Zgliczyński

This paper introduces a new difference scheme to the difference equations for N-body type problems. To find the non-collision periodic solutions and generalized periodic solutions in multi-radial symmetric constraint for the N-body type…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Leshun Xu , Yong Li , Menglong Su

The figure eight is a remarkable solution to the Newtonian three-body problem in which the three equal masses chase each around a planar curve having the qualitative shape and symmetries of a figure eight. Here we prove that each lobe of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Toshiaki Fujiwara , Richard Montgomery

In this paper, we consider the elliptic relative equilibria of the restricted $4$-body problems, where the three primaries form an Euler collinear configuration and the four bodies span $\mathbf{R}^2$. We obtain the symplectic reduction to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-05-24 Bowen Liu , Qinglong Zhou

We study central configurations in the four body problem, i.e., configurations in which the forces on all the bodies point to a fixed, single point in space. The newly formulated pair-space formalism yields a set of vectorial equations that…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Alon Drory

Since Poincar\'e, periodic orbits have been one of the most important objects in dynamical systems. However, searching them is in general quite difficult. A common way to find them is to construct families of periodic orbits which start at…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-10-24 Seongchan Kim

Since the foundational work of Chenciner and Montgomery in 2000 there has been a great deal of interest in choreographic solutions of the n-body problem: periodic motions where the n bodies all follow one another at regular intervals along…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-11-15 James Montaldi , Katrina Steckles

A method to establish regions of phase space through which pass no invariant tori transverse to a given direction field is applied to the planar circular restricted three-body problem. Implications for the location of stable orbits for…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-04-13 Nikos Kallinikos , Robert S. MacKay , Tom Syndercombe

We present a numerical study on the stability of all fourth- and fifth-order retrograde mean motion resonances (1/3, 3/1, 1/4, 4/1, 2/3, and 3/2) in the 3-body problem composed of a solar mass star, a Jupiter mass planet, and an additional…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-14 Alan Cefali Signor , Gabriel Antonio Carita , Maria Helena Moreira Morais

We consider the planar restricted $N$-body problem where the $N-1$ primaries are assumed to be in a central configuration whereas the infinitesimal particle escapes to infinity in a parabolic orbit. We prove the existence of transversal…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-05-14 M. Alvarez-Ramírez , A. García , J. F. Palacián , P. Yanguas

An analytical approximation to periodic orbits in the circular restricted three-body problem is provided. The formulation given in this work is based in calculations known from classical mechanics, but with the addition of the necessary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Erick Nagel , Barbara Pichardo

The three-body problem, which describes three masses interacting through Newtonian gravity without any restrictions imposed on the initial positions and velocities of these masses, has attracted the attention of many scientists for more…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-11 Z. E. Musielak , B. Quarles

Newton famously showed that a gravitational force inversely proportional to the square of the distance, $F \sim 1/r^2$, formally explains Kepler's three laws of planetary motion. But what happens to the familiar elliptical orbits if the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2018-08-16 Bjorn A. Vermeersch

The elliptic restricted three body problem has been well studied. However, the previous formulations of the problem have used a rotating coordinate system to keep the positions of the primary and secondary on the x-axis. This requires the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Robert W. Easton

In this paper, we prove the existence of super-hyperbolic orbits in four-body problem, which solves a conjecture of Marchal-Saari. We also prove the existence of noncollision singularities in the same model, which solves a conjecture of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-02-27 Guan Huang , Jinxin Xue

We study the rhomboidal symmetric-mass 4-body problem in both a two-degree-of-freedom and a four-degree-of-freedom setting. Under suitable changes of variables in both settings, isolated binary collisions at the origin are regularizable.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-05-01 Lennard Bakker , Skyler Simmons

The restricted three-body problem describes the motion of a massless particle under the influence of two primaries of masses $1-\mu$ and $\mu$ that circle each other with period equal to $2\pi$. For small $\mu$, a resonant periodic motion…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-08-28 D. Viswanath