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Finite mixture models have been widely used for the modelling and analysis of data from heterogeneous populations. Maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters is typically carried out via the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. The…

Computation · Statistics 2016-06-08 Sharon X Lee , Kaleb L Lee , Geoffrey J McLachlan

Improved EM strategies, based on the idea of efficient data augmentation (Meng and van Dyk 1997, 1998), are presented for ML estimation of mixture proportions. The resulting algorithms inherit the simplicity, ease of implementation, and…

Computation · Statistics 2010-02-22 Yaming Yu

Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are fundamental statistical tools for modeling heterogeneous data. Due to the nonconcavity of the likelihood function, the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is widely used for parameter estimation of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Xin Bing , Dehan Kong , Bingqing Li

Latent variable models are a fundamental modeling tool in machine learning applications, but they present significant computational and analytical challenges. The popular EM algorithm and its variants, is a much used algorithmic tool; yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-12-08 Xinyang Yi , Constantine Caramanis

We consider the problem of inference in a linear regression model in which the relative ordering of the input features and output labels is not known. Such datasets naturally arise from experiments in which the samples are shuffled or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-04-04 Abubakar Abid , James Zou

We study the gradient Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm for Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) in the over-parameterized setting, where a general GMM with $n>1$ components learns from data that are generated by a single ground truth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Weihang Xu , Maryam Fazel , Simon S. Du

The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm and its variants are widely used in statistics. In high-dimensional mixture linear regression, the model is assumed to be a finite mixture of linear regression and the number of predictors is much…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-24 Ning Wang , Xin Zhang , Qing Mai

The speed of convergence of the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm for Gaussian mixture model fitting is known to be dependent on the amount of overlap among the mixture components. In this paper, we study the impact of mixing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Iftekhar Naim , Daniel Gildea

Expectation propagation (EP) is a family of algorithms for performing approximate inference in probabilistic models. The updates of EP involve the evaluation of moments -- expectations of certain functions -- which can be estimated from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-30 Jonathan So , Richard E. Turner

Expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is to find maximum likelihood solution for models having latent variables. A typical example is Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) which requires Gaussian assumption, however, natural images are highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Wentian Zhao , Shaojie Wang , Zhihuai Xie , Jing Shi , Chenliang Xu

Finite mixture models are powerful tools for modelling and analyzing heterogeneous data. Parameter estimation is typically carried out using maximum likelihood estimation via the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. Recently, the…

Computation · Statistics 2020-05-15 Sharon X. Lee , Geoffrey J. McLachlan , Kaleb L. Leemaqz

Expectation maximisation (EM) is an unsupervised learning method for estimating the parameters of a finite mixture distribution. It works by introducing "hidden" or "latent" variables via Baum's auxiliary function $Q$ that allow the joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Graham W. Pulford

We consider maximum likelihood estimation for Gaussian Mixture Models (Gmms). This task is almost invariably solved (in theory and practice) via the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm. EM owes its success to various factors, of which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-04 Reshad Hosseini , Suvrit Sra

The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is an iterative computational method to calculate the maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) from the sample data. It converts a complicated one-time calculation for the MLE of the incomplete data…

Computation · Statistics 2016-08-08 Lingyao Meng

We study the convergence behavior of the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm on Gaussian mixture models with an arbitrary number of mixture components and mixing weights. We show that as long as the means of the components are separated…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-10 Ruofei Zhao , Yuanzhi Li , Yuekai Sun

We study a class of weakly identifiable location-scale mixture models for which the maximum likelihood estimates based on $n$ i.i.d. samples are known to have lower accuracy than the classical $n^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ error. We investigate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Raaz Dwivedi , Nhat Ho , Koulik Khamaru , Martin J. Wainwright , Michael I. Jordan , Bin Yu

There have been several recent advancements in Machine Learning community on the Entity Matching (EM) problem. However, their lack of scalability has prevented them from being applied in practical settings on large real-life datasets.…

Databases · Computer Science 2011-03-15 Vibhor Rastogi , Nilesh Dalvi , Minos Garofalakis

The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm has been predominantly used to approximate the maximum likelihood estimation of the location-scale Gaussian mixtures. However, when the models are over-specified, namely, the chosen number of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-24 Tongzheng Ren , Fuheng Cui , Sujay Sanghavi , Nhat Ho

Variational inference methods for latent variable statistical models have gained popularity because they are relatively fast, can handle large data sets, and have deterministic convergence guarantees. However, in practice it is unclear…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-22 Hachem Saddiki , Andrew C. Trapp , Patrick Flaherty

The Estimation of Distribution Algorithm is a new class of population based search methods in that a probabilistic model of individuals is estimated based on the high quality individuals and used to generate the new individuals. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-03 R. Rastegar , M. R. Meybodi