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Semantic search is an important task which objective is to find the relevant index from a database for query. It requires a retrieval model that can properly learn the semantics of sentences. Transformer-based models are widely used as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Mingxi Tan , Alexis Rolland , Andong Tian

We address the task of ranking objects (such as people, blogs, or verticals) that, unlike documents, do not have direct term-based representations. To be able to match them against keyword queries, evidence needs to be amassed from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Shuo Zhang , Krisztian Balog

Query reformulation is a well-known problem in Information Retrieval (IR) aimed at enhancing single search successful completion rate by automatically modifying user's input query. Recent methods leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Wonduk Seo , Haojie Zhang , Yueyang Zhang , Changhao Zhang , Songyao Duan , Lixin Su , Daiting Shi , Jiashu Zhao , Dawei Yin

Prompting-based conversational query reformulation has emerged as a powerful approach for conversational search, refining ambiguous user queries into standalone search queries. Best-of-N reformulation over the generated candidates via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yilong Lai , Jialong Wu , Zhenglin Wang , Deyu Zhou

Traditional semantic image search methods aim to retrieve images that match the meaning of the text query. However, these methods typically search for objects on the whole image, without considering the localization of objects within the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Silvan Ferreira , Allan Martins , Ivanovitch Silva

Generative retrieval introduces a groundbreaking paradigm to document retrieval by directly generating the identifier of a pertinent document in response to a specific query. This paradigm has demonstrated considerable benefits and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Mingming Li , Huimu Wang , Zuxu Chen , Guangtao Nie , Yiming Qiu , Guoyu Tang , Lin Liu , Jingwei Zhuo

Retrieval augmentation, which enhances downstream models by a knowledge retriever and an external corpus instead of by merely increasing the number of model parameters, has been successfully applied to many natural language processing (NLP)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Chenyu Zhao , Yunjiang Jiang , Yiming Qiu , Han Zhang , Wen-Yun Yang

Text-to-image retrieval is a fundamental task in vision-language learning, yet in real-world scenarios it is often challenged by short and underspecified user queries. Such queries are typically only one or two words long, rendering them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jianglin Lu , Simon Jenni , Kushal Kafle , Jing Shi , Handong Zhao , Yun Fu

The web is littered with images, once created for human consumption and now increasingly interpreted by agents using vision-language models (VLMs). These agents make visual decisions at scale, deciding what to click, recommend, or buy. Yet,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Manuel Cherep , Pranav M R , Pattie Maes , Nikhil Singh

In web search, typically a candidate generation step selects a small set of documents---from collections containing as many as billions of web pages---that are subsequently ranked and pruned before being presented to the user. In Bing, the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Corby Rosset , Damien Jose , Gargi Ghosh , Bhaskar Mitra , Saurabh Tiwary

One of the most important challenges for modern search engines is to retrieve relevant web content based on user queries. In order to achieve this challenge, search engines have a module to rewrite user queries. That is why modern web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Abdullah Can Algan , Emre Yürekli , Aykut Çayır

The growing proliferation of customized and pretrained generative models has made it infeasible for a user to be fully cognizant of every model in existence. To address this need, we introduce the task of content-based model search: given a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Daohan Lu , Sheng-Yu Wang , Nupur Kumari , Rohan Agarwal , Mia Tang , David Bau , Jun-Yan Zhu

Context: Recent research indicates that Web queries written by software developers are not very successful in retrieving relevant results, performing measurably worse compared to general purpose Web queries. Most approaches up to this point…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Mia Mohammad Imran , Kostadin Damevski

This paper challenges a cross-genre document retrieval task, where the queries are in formal writing and the target documents are in conversational writing. In this task, a query, is a sentence extracted from either a summary or a plot of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-17 Tomasz Jurczyk , Jinho D. Choi

Reranking is a critical stage in contemporary information retrieval (IR) systems, improving the relevance of the user-presented final results by honing initial candidate sets. This paper is a thorough guide to examine the changing reranker…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Tejul Pandit , Sakshi Mahendru , Meet Raval , Dhvani Upadhyay

Large Language Models (LLMs) are now widely used for query reformulation and expansion in Information Retrieval, with many studies reporting substantial effectiveness gains. However, these results are typically obtained under heterogeneous…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Amin Bigdeli , Radin Hamidi Rad , Hai Son Le , Mert Incesu , Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A. Clarke , Ebrahim Bagheri

Query reformulation is a key mechanism to alleviate the linguistic chasm of query in ad-hoc retrieval. Among various solutions, query reduction effectively removes extraneous terms and specifies concise user intent from long queries.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Hye-young Kim , Minjin Choi , Sunkyung Lee , Eunseong Choi , Young-In Song , Jongwuk Lee

We propose a novel mode of feedback for image search, where a user describes which properties of exemplar images should be adjusted in order to more closely match his/her mental model of the image sought. For example, perusing image results…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Adriana Kovashka , Devi Parikh , Kristen Grauman

Knowledge graphs encode uniquely identifiable entities to other entities or literal values by means of relationships, thus enabling semantically rich querying over the stored data. Typically, the semantics of such queries are often crisp…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Amar Viswanathan , Geeth de Mel , James A. Hendler

Knowledge workers such as healthcare information professionals, legal researchers, and librarians need to create and execute search strategies that are comprehensive, transparent, and reproducible. The traditional solution is to use…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Tanja Svarre , Tony Russell-Rose