Related papers: Most Odd-Degree Binary Forms Fail to Primitively R…

We prove that an additive form of degree $d=2m$, $m$ odd, $m\ge3$, over the unramified quadratic extension $\mathbb{Q}_2(\sqrt{5})$ has a nontrivial zero if the number of variables $s$ satisifies $s \ge 4d+1$. If $3 \nmid d$, then there…

Let $\Omega \subset {\mathbb R}^N$ ($N \geq 3$) be a $C^2$ bounded domain and $F \subset \partial \Omega$ be a $C^2$ submanifold of dimension $0 \leq k \leq N-2$. Put $\delta_F(x)=dist(x,F)$, $V=\delta_F^{-2}$ in $\Omega$ and $L_{\gamma…

Given a negative $D>-(\log X)^{\log 2-\delta}$, we give a new upper bound on the number of square free integers $<X$ which are represented by some but not all forms of the genus of a primitive positive definite binary quadratic form $f$ of…

In the present paper, we deal with a new compact embedding theorem for a subspace of the new fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces. We also establish some useful inequalities which yields to apply the variational methods. Using these abstract…

We study semilinear elliptic equations on finite graphs with fully general exponential nonlinearities, thereby extending classical equations such as the Kazdan-Warner and Chern-Simons equations. A key contribution of this work is the…

Semilinear elliptic equations which give rise to solutions blowing up at the boundary are perturbed by a Hardy potential. The size of this potential effects the existence of a certain type of solutions (large solutions): if the potential is…

In this paper we investigate some new problems in additive combinatorics. Our problems mainly involve permutations (or circular permutations) $n$ distinct numbers (or elements of an additive abelian group) $a_1,\ldots,a_n$ with adjacent…

Erd\H{o}s asked whether there are infinitely many finite sets of distinct primes $p_1<\cdots<p_k$ and positive integers $m$ such that \begin{equation}\label{eq:erdos-original} \frac1{p_1}+\cdots+\frac1{p_k}=1-\frac1m. \end{equation} This is…

We consider the Neumann problem for the equation $u_{xx}+\lambda f(u)=0$ in the punctured interval $(-1,1) \setminus \{0\}$, where $\lambda>0$ is a bifurcation parameter and $f(u)=u-u^3$. At $x=0$, we impose the conditions…

A multiple Gauss sum is a complete multiple exponential sum twisted by Dirichlet characters. We prove a new bound for multiple Gauss sums and, as an application, improve previous results in the Birch--Goldbach problem. Let $F_1, \ldots, F_R…

When a computer algebra system fails to solve an Ordinary Differential Equation, is this a limitation of its implementation, or a genuine computational barrier? Three traditions bear on the question. Modern computer algebra algorithms can…

Let $F \in \mathbb{Z}[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$ be a homogeneous form of degree $d \geq 2$, and let $V_F^*$ denote the singular locus of the affine variety $V(F) = \{ \mathbf{z} \in {\mathbb{C}}^n: F(\mathbf{z}) = 0 \}$. In this paper, we prove…

Consider a face F in an arrangement of n Jordan curves in the plane, no two of which intersect more than s times. We prove that the combinatorial complexity of F is O(\lambda_s(n)), O(\lambda_{s+1}(n)), and O(\lambda_{s+2}(n)), when the…

We consider Liouville-type theorems for the following H\'{e}non-Lane-Emden system \hfill -\Delta u&=& |x|^{a}v^p \text{in} \mathbb{R}^N, \hfill -\Delta v&=& |x|^{b}u^q \text{in} \mathbb{R}^N, when $pq>1$, $p,q,a,b\ge0$. The main conjecture…

We consider fractional differential equations of order $\alpha \in (0,1)$ for functions of one independent variable $t\in (0,\infty)$ with the Riemann-Liouville and Caputo-Dzhrbashyan fractional derivatives. A precise estimate for the order…

This paper is devoted to the following class of nonlinear fractional Schr\"odinger equations: \begin{equation*} (-\Delta)^{s} u + V(x)u = f(x,u) + \lambda g(x,u), \quad \text{in}\: \mathbb{R}^N, \end{equation*} where $s\in (0,1)$, $N>2s$,…

We consider the problem of counting the number of varieties in a family over $\mathbb{Q}$ with a rational point. We obtain lower bounds for this counting problem for some families over $\mathbb{P}^1$, even if the Hasse principle fails. We…

Let $F\in\mathbb{C}[x,y,s,t]$ be an irreducible constant-degree polynomial, and let $A,B,C,D\subset\mathbb{C}$ be finite sets of size $n$. We show that $F$ vanishes on at most $O(n^{8/3})$ points of the Cartesian product $A\times B\times…

We discuss the phenomenon where an element in a number field is not integrally represented by a given positive definite quadratic form, but becomes integrally represented by this form over a totally real extension of odd degree. We prove…

We develop a reduction theory for the representation of $\mathrm{SL}_n$ on pairs of symmetric $n\times n$ matrices. We apply this theory to the pencils of quadrics arising from divisors on hyperelliptic curves. We use these results to show…