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This paper describes TSP exact solution of polynomial complexity. It is considered properties of proposed method. Effectiveness of proposed solution is illustrated by outcomes of computer modeling.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Vadim Yatsenko

The emergence of truck-drone collaborative systems in last-mile logistics has positioned the Traveling Salesman Problem with Drones (TSP-D) as a pivotal extension of classical routing optimization, where synchronized vehicle coordination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Taihelong Zeng , Yun Lin , Yuhe Shi , Yan Li , Zhiqing Wei , Xuanru Ji

This study proposes an end-to-end framework for solving multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs) using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), that we call DRL-MOA. The idea of decomposition is adopted to decompose the MOP into a set of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Kaiwen Li , Tao Zhang , Rui Wang

In the last few years, graph convolutional networks (GCN) have become a popular research direction in the machine learning community to tackle NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) defined on graphs. While the obtained results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Elisabeth Gaar , Markus Sinnl

This paper aims to develop a learning method for a special class of traveling salesman problems (TSP), namely, the pickup-and-delivery TSP (PDTSP), which finds the shortest tour along a sequence of one-to-one pickup-and-delivery nodes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bowen Fang , Xu Chen , Xuan Di

Reinforcement learning has recently shown promise in learning quality solutions in many combinatorial optimization problems. In particular, the attention-based encoder-decoder models show high effectiveness on various routing problems,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-06 Aigerim Bogyrbayeva , Taehyun Yoon , Hanbum Ko , Sungbin Lim , Hyokun Yun , Changhyun Kwon

The Traveling Salesman Problem is one of the most intensively studied combinatorial optimization problems due both to its range of real-world applications and its computational complexity. When combined with the Set Covering Problem, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Yuwen Yang , Jayant Rajgopal

In this work we revisit the Hopfield-Tank algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) and report encouraging results, with a different dynamics, that makes the algorithm more efficient finding better solutions in much less…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Argollo de Menezes , T. J. P. Penna

We explore the impact of learning paradigms on training deep neural networks for the Travelling Salesman Problem. We design controlled experiments to train supervised learning (SL) and reinforcement learning (RL) models on fixed graph sizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Chaitanya K. Joshi , Thomas Laurent , Xavier Bresson

The travelling salesperson problem (TSP) is a classic resource allocation problem used to find an optimal order of doing a set of tasks while minimizing (or maximizing) an associated objective function. It is widely used in robotics for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Ishaan Mehta , Sharareh Taghipour , Sajad Saeedi

The Travelling Salesman and its variations are some of the most well known NP hard optimisation problems. This paper looks to use both centralised and decentralised implementations of Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) to solve a dynamic variant…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Thomas E. Kent , Arthur G. Richards

In this paper, we present a polynomial-sized linear programming formulation of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The proposed linear program is a network flow-based model. Numerical implementation issues and results are discussed. (The…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-07-11 Moustapha Diaby

The field of neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) trains neural policies to solve NP-hard problems such as the traveling salesperson problem (TSP). We ask whether, beyond producing good tours, a trained TSP solver learns internal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Reuben Narad , Léonard Boussioux , Michael Wagner

Traveling salesman problem is a NP-hard problem. Until now, researchers have not found a polynomial time algorithm for traveling salesman problem. Among the existing algorithms, dynamic programming algorithm can solve the problem in time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-10-16 Yunpeng Li

The Nearest-Better Network (NBN) is a powerful method to visualize sampled data for continuous optimization problems while preserving multiple landscape features. However, the calculation of NBN is very time-consuming, and the extension of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yiya Diao , Changhe Li , Sanyou Zeng , Xinye Cai , Wenjian Luo , Shengxiang Yang , Carlos A. Coello Coello

The Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a well-known NP-Hard combinatorial optimisation problem, with industrial use cases such as last-mile delivery. Although TSP has been studied extensively on quantum computers, it is rare to find…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Daniel Goldsmith , Xing Liang , Dimitrios Makris , Hongwei Wu

We revisit the traveling salesman problem with neighborhoods (TSPN) and propose several new approximation algorithms. These constitute either first approximations (for hyperplanes, lines, and balls in $\mathbb{R}^d$, for $d\geq 3$) or…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-11-26 Adrian Dumitrescu , Csaba D. Tóth

The Traveling Thief Problem (TTP) is a multi-component optimization problem that captures the interplay between routing and packing decisions by combining the classical Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) and the Knapsack Problem (KP). The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jan Eube , Kelin Luo , Aneta Neumann , Frank Neumann , Heiko Röglin

This paper presents a novel approach to solving the Flying Sidekick Travelling Salesman Problem (FSTSP) using a state-of-the-art self-adaptive genetic algorithm. The Flying Sidekick Travelling Salesman Problem is a combinatorial…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Ted Pilcher

A new characterization of Hamiltonian graphs using f-cutset matrix is proposed. Based on this new characterization, a new exact polynomial time algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) is developed. We then define the so-called…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Dhananjay P. Mehendale
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