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The sky-averaged brightness temperature of the 21cm line from neutral hydrogen provides a sensitive probe of the thermal state of the intergalactic medium, particularly before and during Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionisation. This…

FIRST (Fibered Imager foR a Single Telescope instrument) is a post-AO instrument that enables high contrast imaging and spectroscopy at spatial scales below the diffraction limit. FIRST achieves sensitivity and accuracy by a unique…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-15 K. Barjot , E. Huby , S. Vievard , N. Cvetojevic , S. Lacour , G. Martin , V. Deo , V. Lapeyrere , D. Rouan , O. Guyon , J. Lozi , N. Jovanovic , C. Cassagenettes , G. Perrin , F. Marchis , G. Duchêne , T. Kotani

Studies of Galactic HII regions are of crucial importance for studying star formation and the evolution of the interstellar medium. Gaining an insight into their physical characteristics contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of…

We demonstrate that for data recorded with a solar telescope that uses adaptive optics and/or post-processing to compensate for many low- and high-order aberrations, the RMS granulation contrast is directly proportional to the Strehl ratio…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-12 Goran Scharmer , Mats Lofdahl , Guus Sliepen , Jaime de la Cruz Rodriguez

The upcoming Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) slitless spectroscopic survey poses a challenge of flux calibration, which requires a large number of flux-standard stars. In this work, we design an uncertainty-aware residual attention…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-25 Lin Yang , Haibo Yuan , Fuqing Duan , Ruoyi Zhang , Bowen Huang , Kai Xiao , Shuai Xu , Jinming Zhang

Several astronomical surveys aimed at the investigation of the extragalactic components were carried out in order to map systematically the universe and its constituents. An excellent level of detail is needed, and it is possible only using…

Direct detection and detailed characterization of exoplanets using extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) is a key science goal of future extremely large telescopes (ELTs). However, wavefront errors will limit the sensitivity of this endeavor.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-11 Benjamin L. Gerard , Christian Marois , Raphaël Galicher , Pierre Baudoz , Polychronis Patapis , Jonas Kühn

Surveys of the Milky Way at various wavelengths have changed our view of star formation in our Galaxy considerably in recent years. In this paper we give an overview of the GLOSTAR survey, a new survey covering large parts (145 square…

Observations of the (N_J=1_1-1_0) ground state transition of O_2 with the Odin satellite resulted in a about 5 sigma detection toward the dense core rho Oph A. At the frequency of the line, 119 GHz, the Odin telescope has a beam width of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 R. Liseau , B. Larsson , L. Pagani , J. H. Black , A. Hjalmarson , K. Justtanont

We present proper motion (PM) measurements for Draco II, an ultra-faint dwarf satellite of the Milky Way. These PMs are measured using two epochs of Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys (HST/ACS) imaging separated by a 7 year…

Astronomy observation is difficult in urban environments due to the background noise generated by human activities. Consequently, promoting astronomy in metropolitan areas is challenging. In this work, we propose a low-cost, educational…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-29 Leo W. H. Fung , Albert Wai Kit Lau , Ka Hung Chan , Ming Tony Shing

Stray radiation is a considerable challenge for radio telescopes, requiring careful assessment due to its effects. This is crucial when the strong background flux from side lobes significantly affects the total flux, especially for extended…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 Qingze Chen , Jie Wang , Yingjie Jing , Ligang Hou , Chen Xu , Tiantian Liang , Xuyang Gao , Jinlin Han , Ziming Liu , Bin Liu , Chuanpeng Zhang , Hengqian Gan , Ming Zhu , Yan Zhu , Peng Jiang

The Primeval Structure Telescope (PaST), will be used search for and study the era the of the first luminous objects, the epoch of reionization. The first stars ionized the gas around them producing a pattern of ionization that reflects the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jeff Peterson , Ue-Li Pen , Xiang-Ping Wu

The Astro2020 Decadal Survey declared that the baryon cycle is one of the top-priority science topics for current astrophysics. Space instruments with both high spectral resolution and high throughput in the ultraviolet are required for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-02 Jeffrey L. Linsky , Todd M. Tripp , Seth Redfield , Kevin France

SKA-MID surveys will be the first in the radio domain to achieve clearly sub-arcsecond resolution at high sensitivity over large areas, opening new science applications for galaxy evolution. To investigate the potential of these surveys, we…

LOFAR (Low Frequency Array) is an innovative radio telescope optimized for the frequency range 30-240 MHz. The telescope is realized as a phased aperture array without any moving parts. Digital beam forming allows the telescope to point to…

We present a power spectrum analysis of interferometric 21 cm observations of the Ursa Major high-latitude cirrus, obtained with the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory (DRAO) of Penticton (Canada). These high-resolution data reveal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. -A. Miville-Deschenes , G. Joncas , E. Falgarone , F. Boulanger

The South Pole Telescope (SPT) is a 10 meter telescope operating at mm wavelengths. It has recently completed a three-band survey covering 2500 sq. degrees. One of the survey's main goals is to detect galaxy clusters using Sunyaev-Zeldovich…

A 5$^{\circ}$ $\times$ 7$^{\circ}$ sky area containing two large radio structures of G203.1+6.6 and G206.7+5.9 with a size of about 2.5$^{\circ}$ and 3.5$^{\circ}$ respectively is scanned by using the L-band 19-beam receiver of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-01 X. Y. Gao , W. Reich , X. H. Sun , H. Zhao , Tao Hong , Z. S. Yuan , P. Reich , J. L. Han

Three-millimeter-wavelength spectra of a number of nearby galaxies have been obtained at the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO) using a new, very broadband receiver. This instrument, which we call the Redshift Search Receiver,…

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