Related papers: Cellular automaton model with turning behavior in …
Recent advances in bottleneck studies have highlighted that different architectural adjustments at the exit may reduce the probability of clogging at the exit thereby enhancing the outflow of the individuals. However, those studies are…
We propose a calibrated two-dimensional cellular automaton model to simulate pedestrian motion behavior. It is a v=4 (3) model with exclusion statistics and random shuffled dynamics. The underlying regular grid structure results in a…
This paper proposes the simulation of structured behaviors in a crowd of virtual agents by extending the BioCrowds simulation model. Three behaviors were simulated and evaluated, a queue as a generic case and two specific behaviors observed…
A very successful model for simulating emergency evacuation is the social-force model. At the heart of the model is the self-driven force that is applied to an agent and is directed towards the exit. However, it is not clear if the…
Current regulations demand that at least two exits should be available for a safe evacuation during a panic situation. Although the "faster is slower" effect is expected to take place near the exits, the evacuation time will improve because…
For the planning of large pedestrian facilities, the movement of pedestrians in various situations has to be modelled. Many tools for pedestrian planning are based on cellular automata (CA), discrete in space and time, some use self driven…
We investigate the role of conflicts in pedestrian traffic, i.e. situations where two or more people try to enter the same space. Therefore a recently introduced cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics is extended by a friction…
A stochastic cellular automata (CA) model for pedestrian dynamics is presented. Our goal is to simulate different types of pedestrian movement, from regular to panic. But here we emphasize regular situations which imply that pedestrians…
In the context of the evacuation of populations, some citizens/volunteers may want and be able to participate in the evacuation of populations in difficulty by coming to lend a hand to emergency/evacuation vehicles with their own vehicles.…
Environments such as shopping malls, airports, or hospital emergency departments often experience crowding, with many people simultaneously requesting service. Crowding is highly noisy, with sudden overcrowding "spikes". Past research has…
A small-world cellular automaton network has been formulated to simulate the long-range interactions of complex networks using unconventional computing methods in this paper. Conventional cellular automata use local updating rules. The new…
In this paper, we deal with a size-variable group of pedestrians moving in a unknown confined environment and searching for an exit. Pedestrian dynamics are simulated by means of a recently introduced microscopic (agent-based) model,…
A two-dimensional cellular automaton model of traffic flow with open boundaries are investigated by computer simulations. The outflow of cars from the system and the average velocity are investigated. The time sequences of the outflow and…
A large number of models for pedestrian dynamics have been developed over the years. However, so far not much attention has been paid to their quantitative validation. Usually the focus is on the reproduction of empirically observed…
A model is proposed to estimate the work zone queue length, and the cellular automata based on empirical data is used for model validation. This estimation model can be applied to work zone organization and management to improve work zone…
The essential ingredient for studying the phenomena of emergence is the ability to generate and manipulate emergent systems that span large scales. Cellular automata are the model class particularly known for their effective scalability but…
Recent reports of emergency aircraft evacuations have highlighted an increasing tendency amongst evacuees to ignore clear safety warnings and to collect and carry personal items of baggage during egress. However, relatively little work has…
Crowd models can be used for the simulation of people movement in the built environment. Crowd model outputs have been used for evaluating safety and comfort of pedestrians, inform crowd management and perform forensic investigations.…
Many organisms in nature use local interactions to generate global cooperative phenomena. To unravel how the behavior of individuals generates effective interactions within a group, we introduce a simple model, wherein each agent senses the…
To investigate an effect of social interaction on the bystanders' intervention in emergency situations we introduce a rescue model which includes the effects of the victim's acquaintance with bystanders and those among bystanders. This…