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Solving electronic structure problems is considered one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. However, due to limitations imposed by the coherence time of qubits in the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) era or the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Shuo Sun , Chandan Kumar , Kevin Shen , Elvira Shishenina , Christian B. Mendl

The energy extraction from quantum sources is a key task to develop new quantum devices such as quantum batteries (QB). In this context, one of the main figures of merit is the ergotropy, which measures the maximal amount of energy (as…

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm that produces an upper-bound estimate of the ground-state energy of a Hamiltonian. As quantum computers become more powerful and go beyond the…

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a method that uses a hybrid quantum-classical computational approach to find eigenvalues and eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian. VQE has been proposed as an alternative to fully quantum algorithms such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Dmitry A. Fedorov , Bo Peng , Niranjan Govind , Yuri Alexeev

Quantum enhanced optimization of classical cost functions is a central theme of quantum computing due to its high potential value in science and technology. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Giuseppe Scriva , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Sebastiano Pilati , Guglielmo Mazzola

Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) optimizes parameterized eigenstates of a Hamiltonian on a quantum processor by updating parameters with a classical computer. Such a hybrid quantum-classical optimization serves as a practical way to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-18 Dan-Bo Zhang , Tao Yin

The electronic structure problem is one of the main problems in modern theoretical chemistry. While there are many already-established methods both for the problem itself and its applications like semi-classical or quantum dynamics, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-25 Martin Beseda , Silvie Illésová , Saad Yalouz , Bruno Senjean

Quantum computing promises to exploit the laws of quantum mechanics for processing information in ways fundamentally different from today's classical computers, leading to unprecedented efficiency. One-way quantum computation, sometimes…

The adaptive derivative-assembled pseudo-trotter variational quantum eigensolver (ADAPT-VQE) is a promising hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for molecular ground state energy calculation, yet its practical scalability is hampered by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Runhong He , Xin Hong , Qiaozhen Chai , Ji Guan , Junyuan Zhou , Arapat Ablimit , Guolong Cui , Shenggang Ying

Using quantum devices supported by classical computational resources is a promising approach to quantum-enabled computation. One example of such a hybrid quantum-classical approach is the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) built to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-12 Jarrod R. McClean , Mollie E. Schwartz , Jonathan Carter , Wibe A. de Jong

The contextual subspace variational quantum eigensolver (CS-VQE) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm that approximates the ground-state energy of a given qubit Hamiltonian. It achieves this by separating the Hamiltonian into contextual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Alexis Ralli , Tim Weaving , Andrew Tranter , William M. Kirby , Peter J. Love , Peter V. Coveney

We introduce an architecture for variational quantum algorithms that can be efficiently trained via parameter updates along exact geodesics on the Riemannian state manifold. This features a parameter-optimal circuit ansatz which supersedes…

Quantum computing presents a promising path toward precise quantum chemical simulations, particularly for systems that challenge classical methods. This work investigates the performance of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Zakaria Boutakka , Nouhaila Innan , Muhammed Shafique , Mohamed Bennai , Z. Sakhi

Elucidating photochemical reactions is vital to understand various biochemical phenomena and develop functional materials such as artificial photosynthesis and organic solar cells, albeit its notorious difficulty by both experiments and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Keita Omiya , Yuya O. Nakagawa , Sho Koh , Wataru Mizukami , Qi Gao , Takao Kobayashi

We present a classically solvable model that leads to optimized low-depth quantum circuits leveraging separable pair approximations. The obtained circuits are well suited as a baseline circuit for emerging quantum hardware and can, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-07 Jakob S. Kottmann , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Universal fault-tolerant quantum computers will require error-free execution of long sequences of quantum gate operations, which is expected to involve millions of physical qubits. Before the full power of such machines will be available,…

Designing compact and accurate circuits for the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a central challenge in near-term quantum chemistry. Existing adaptive methods such as ADAPT-VQE design circuits by iteratively selecting operators from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Jianpeng Chen , Zirui Sheng , Cunxi Gong , Weitang Li

We propose an approach to approximately implement the variational coupled cluster (VCC) theory on quantum computers, which struggles with exponential scaling of computational costs on classical computers. To this end, we employ expanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Luca Erhart , Yuichiro Yoshida , Viktor Khinevich , Wataru Mizukami

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are a modern family of quantum algorithms designed to solve optimization problems using a quantum computer. Typically VQAs rely on a feedback loop between the quantum device and a classical optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-26 Alexey Uvarov

In the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era, solving the electronic structure problem from chemistry is considered as the "killer application" for near-term quantum devices. In spite of the success of variational hybrid…