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In this work, we propose an interdependent, multilayer network model and percolation process that matches infrastructures better than previous models by allowing some nodes to survive when their interdependent neighbors fail. We consider a…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-10-04 Run-Ran Liu , Daniel A. Eisenberg , Thomas P. Seager , Ying-Cheng Lai

We study the percolation in coupled networks with both inner-dependency and inter-dependency links, where the inner- and inter-dependency links represent the dependencies between nodes in the same or different networks, respectively. We…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-05-09 Run-Ran Liu , Ming Li , Chun-Xiao Jia , Bing-Hong Wang

In the real world, the stable operation of a network is usually inseparable from the mutual support of other networks. In such an interdependent network, a node in one layer may depend on multiple nodes in another layer, forming a complex…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Cheng Qian , Dandan Zhao , Bo Zhang , Ming Zhong , Jianmin Han , Shenghong Li , Hao Peng , Wei Wang

Real-world complex systems always interact with each other, which causes these systems to collapse in an avalanche or cascading manner in the case of random failures or malicious attacks. The robustness of multilayer networks has attracted…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-11-14 Wen-Jun Jiang , Run-Ran Liu , Chun-Xiao Jia

Recently much attention has been paid to the study of the robustness of interdependent and multiplex networks and, in particular, networks of networks. The robustness of interdependent networks can be evaluated by the size of a mutually…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-18 Ginestra Bianconi , Sergey N. Dorogovtsev

It was recently recognized that interdependencies among different networks can play a crucial role in triggering cascading failures and hence system-wide disasters. A recent model shows how pairs of interdependent networks can exhibit an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-12-06 Di Zhou , Gregorio D'Agostino , Antonio Scala , H. Eugene Stanley

The function of a real network depends not only on the reliability of its own components, but is affected also by the simultaneous operation of other real networks coupled with it. Robustness of systems composed of interdependent network…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-10 Filippo Radicchi

The dynamics of cascading failures in spatial interdependent networks significantly depend on the interaction range of dependency couplings between layers. In particular, for increasing range of dependency couplings, different types of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-07 Bnaya Gross , Ivan Bonamassa , Shlomo Havlin

From transportation networks to complex infrastructures, and to social and communication networks, a large variety of systems can be described in terms of multiplexes formed by a set of nodes interacting through different networks (layers).…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-16 Davide Cellai , Eduardo López , Jie Zhou , James P. Gleeson , Ginestra Bianconi

Drawing inspiration from real world interacting systems we study a system consisting of two networks that exhibit antagonistic and dependent interactions. By antagonistic and dependent interactions, we mean, that a proportion of functional…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-17 Bhushan Kotnis , Joy Kuri

We study the mutual percolation of a system composed of two interdependent random regular networks. We introduce a notion of distance to explore the effects of the proximity of interdependent nodes on the cascade of failures after an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-26 Yosef Kornbluth , Steven Lowinger , Gabriel Cwilich , Sergey V. Buldyrev

We consider robustness and percolation properties of the networks of networks, in which random nodes in different individual networks (layers) can be interdependent. We explore the emergence of the giant mutually connected component,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-11-18 Ginestra Bianconi , Sergey N. Dorogovtsev

The functionality of an entity frequently necessitates the support of a group situated in another layer of the system. To unravel the profound impact of such group support on a system's resilience against cascading failures, we devise a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-05 Lei Chen , Chunxiao Jia , Run-Ran Liu , Fanyuan Meng

Robustness and cascading failures in interdependent systems has been an active research field in the past decade. However, most existing works use percolation-based models where only the largest component of each network remains functional…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-21 Yingrui Zhang , Alex Arenas , Osman Yağan

Networked systems are susceptible to cascading failures, where the failure of an initial set of nodes propagates through the network, often leading to system-wide failures. In this work, we propose a multiplex flow network model to study…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Orkun İrsoy , Osman Yağan

In the analysis of the robustness of multiplex networks, it is commonly assumed that a node is functioning only if its interdependent nodes are simultaneously functioning. According to this model, a multiplex network becomes more and more…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-03-10 Filippo Radicchi , Ginestra Bianconi

Complex networks have recently attracted much interest due to their prevalence in nature and our daily lives [1, 2]. A critical property of a network is its resilience to random breakdown and failure [3-6], typically studied as a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-01-08 James P. Bagrow , Sune Lehmann , Yong-Yeol Ahn

Cascading failures and epidemic dynamics, as two successful application realms of network science, are usually investigated separately. How do they affect each other is still one open, interesting problem. In this letter, we couple both…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-11-23 Dawei Zhao , Zhen Wang , Gaoxi Xiao , Bo Gao , Lianhai Wang

Recently, new results on percolation of interdependent networks have shown that the percolation transition can be first order. In this paper we show that, when considering antagonistic interactions between interacting networks, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-11 Kun Zhao , Ginestra Bianconi

Infrastructure systems, such as power, transportation, telecommunication, and water systems, are composed of multiple components which are interconnected and interdependent to produce and distribute essential goods and services. So, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-10-14 Zahra Mahabadi , Liz Varga , Tom Dolan
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