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The ability to generate phase-stabilised trains of ultrafast laser pulses by mode-locking underpins photonics research in fields such as precision metrology and spectroscopy. However, the complexity of conventional mode-locked laser…
Irradiating solids with ultrashort laser pulses is known to initiate femtosecond timescale magnetization dynamics. However, sub-femtosecond spin dynamics have not yet been observed or predicted. Here, we explore ultrafast light-driven spin…
Determined polarization state of light is required in nonlinear optics applications related to ultrashort and single-cycle light pulse generation. Such short time scales require up to full octave of spectral width of light. Fiber-based,…
High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in the relativistic regime is employed to obtain zeptosecond pulses of $\gamma$-rays. The harmonics are generated from atomic systems in counterpropagating strong attosecond laser pulse trains of linear…
Short laser pulses are widely used for controlling molecular rotational degrees of freedom and inducing molecular alignment, orientation, unidirectional rotation and other types of coherent rotational motion. To follow the ultra-fast…
We consider a diatomic molecule driven by a linearly polarized laser pulse with a polarization axis rotating with a constant acceleration. This setup is referred to as optical centrifuge, and it is known to lead to high-angular momenta for…
In the framework of linear optics, light fields do not interact with each other in a medium. Yet, when their field amplitude becomes comparable to the electron binding energies of matter, the nonlinear motion of these electrons emits new…
High-order nonlinear light-matter interactions in gases enable generation of x-ray and attosecond light pulses, metrology, and spectroscopy. Optical nonlinearities in solid-state materials are particularly interesting for combining optical…
We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate the generation of high-quality low duty-cycle pulse trains at repetition rates of 28 GHz, 56 GHz and 112 GHz. Starting from a continuous wave we benefit from phase modulations in the temporal…
A compact high repetition rate attosecond light source based on a standard laser oscillator combined with plasmonic enhancement is presented. At repetition rates of tens of MHz, we predict focusable pulses with durations of ~< 300…
We introduce a new optical tool - a "two-dimensional optical centrifuge", capable of aligning molecules in extreme rotational states. Unlike the conventional centrifuge, which confines the molecules in the plane of their rotation, its…
Supercontinuum generation by femtosecond filaments in air is investigated for different laser wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet to infrared. Particular attention is paid on the role of third-harmonic generation and temporal steepening…
Controlling the wave function of free electrons is important to improve the spatial resolution of electron microscopes, the efficiency of electron interaction with sample modes of interest, and our ability to probe ultrafast materials…
Q-switched lasers are compact, cost-effective, and highly pulse energy-scalable sources for nanosecond-scale laser pulses. The technology has been developed for many decades and is widely used in scientific, industrial and medical…
A magnetometric technique is demonstrated that may be suitable for precision measurements of fields ranging from the sub-microgauss level to above the Earth field. It is based on resonant nonlinear magneto-optical rotation caused by atoms…
In standard lasers, light amplification requires population inversion between an upper and a lower state to break the reciprocity between absorption and stimulated emission. However, in a medium prepared in a specific superposition state,…
Advancing table-top attosecond sources in brightness and pulse duration is of immense interest and importance for an expanding sphere of applications. Recent theoretical studies [New J. Phys., 22 093030 (2020)] have found that high-order…
We demonstrate a single-stage multipass cell (MPC) compressor driven directly by a 500 nJ, 5 W, 120 fs, 10 MHz oscillator that delivers efficient spectral broadening from 800 to 1200 nm with >75% transmission. The compressed pulses approach…
We report on an investigation of simultaneous generation of several narrow-bandwidth laser-like coherent emissions from nitrogen molecular ions ( ) produced in intense mid-infrared laser fields. With systematic examinations on the…
Maximizing nonlinear light-matter interactions is a primary motive for compressing laser pulses to achieve ultrashort transform limited pulses. Here we show how, by appropriately shaping the pulses, resonant multiphoton transitions can be…