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A standard model that arises in several applications in sequential decision making is partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) where a decision-making agent interacts with an uncertain environment. A basic objective in such…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ali Asadi , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Raimundo Saona , Ali Shafiee

Robust Markov decision processes (RMDPs) extend standard Markov decision processes (MDPs) to account for uncertainty in the transition probabilities. RMDPs have an uncertainty set that defines a set of possible transition functions, each of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Marnix Suilen , Guillermo A. Pérez

Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) model systems with uncertain transition dynamics. Multiple-environment MDPs (MEMDPs) extend MDPs. They intuitively reflect finite sets of MDPs that share the same state and action spaces but differ in the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Marnix Suilen , Marck van der Vegt , Sebastian Junges

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) are systems in which one agent interacts with a stochastic environment, and receives only partial information about the current state. In a multi-environment POMDP (MEPOMDP), the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Léonard Brice , Filip Cano , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Thomas A. Henzinger , Stefanie Muroya

A central task in control theory, artificial intelligence, and formal methods is to synthesize reward-maximizing strategies for agents that operate in partially unknown environments. In environments modeled by gray-box Markov decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Christel Baier , Clemens Dubslaff , Patrick Wienhöft , Stefan J. Kiebel

Missions for autonomous systems often require agents to visit multiple targets in complex operating conditions. This work considers the problem of visiting a set of targets in minimum time by a team of non-communicating agents in a Markov…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Farhad Nawaz , Melkior Ornik

We study online learning in episodic constrained Markov decision processes (CMDPs), where the learner aims at collecting as much reward as possible over the episodes, while satisfying some long-term constraints during the learning process.…

Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are a popular class of models suitable for solving control decision problems in probabilistic reactive systems. We consider parametric MDPs (pMDPs) that include parameters in some of the transition…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Sebastian Arming , Ezio Bartocci , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Ana Sokolova

This paper presents a semi-Markov decision process (SMDP) formulation of the satellite task scheduling problem. This formulation can consider multiple operational objectives simultaneously and plan transitions between distinct functional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-21 Duncan Eddy , Mykel Kochenderfer

Practical reinforcement learning problems are often formulated as constrained Markov decision process (CMDP) problems, in which the agent has to maximize the expected return while satisfying a set of prescribed safety constraints. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Shin-ichi Maeda , Hayato Watahiki , Shintarou Okada , Masanori Koyama

The paper deals with finite-state Markov decision processes (MDPs) with integer weights assigned to each state-action pair. New algorithms are presented to classify end components according to their limiting behavior with respect to the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Christel Baier , Nathalie Bertrand , Clemens Dubslaff , Daniel Gburek , Ocan Sankur

The online Markov decision process (MDP) is a generalization of the classical Markov decision process that incorporates changing reward functions. In this paper, we propose practical online MDP algorithms with policy iteration and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-16 Yao Ma , Hao Zhang , Masashi Sugiyama

We study strategy synthesis for partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). The particular problem is to determine strategies that provably adhere to (probabilistic) temporal logic constraints. This problem is computationally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-22 Steven Carr , Nils Jansen , Ralf Wimmer , Alexandru C. Serban , Bernd Becker , Ufuk Topcu

Solving partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with high dimensional and continuous observations, such as camera images, is required for many real life robotics and planning problems. Recent researches suggested machine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Idan Lev-Yehudi , Moran Barenboim , Vadim Indelman

Mixed observable Markov decision processes (MOMDPs) are a modeling framework for autonomous systems described by both fully and partially observable states. In this work, we study the problem of synthesizing a control policy for MOMDPs that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-03 Ugo Rosolia , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Richard M. Murray , Aaron D. Ames

We consider Markov decision processes (MDP) as generators of sequences of probability distributions over states. A probability distribution is p-synchronizing if the probability mass is at least p in a single state, or in a given set of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Laurent Doyen , Thierry Massart , Mahsa Shirmohammadi

Markov decision processes (MDPs) describe sequential decision-making processes; MDP policies return for every state in that process an advised action. Classical algorithms can efficiently compute policies that are optimal with respect to,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Roman Andriushchenko , Milan Češka , Sebastian Junges , Filip Macák

We consider the problem of controlling a Markov decision process (MDP) with a large state space, so as to minimize average cost. Since it is intractable to compete with the optimal policy for large scale problems, we pursue the more modest…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-02-28 Yasin Abbasi-Yadkori , Peter L. Bartlett , Alan Malek

Factored Markov decision processes (MDPs) are a prominent paradigm within the artificial intelligence community for modeling and solving large-scale MDPs whose rewards and dynamics decompose into smaller, loosely interacting components.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Huikang Liu , Wolfram Wiesemann , Man-Chung Yue

In this work, we contribute the first approach to solve infinite-horizon discounted general-utility Markov decision processes (GUMDPs) in the single-trial regime, i.e., when the agent's performance is evaluated based on a single trajectory.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Pedro P. Santos , Alberto Sardinha , Francisco S. Melo