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We develop a two-dimensional cellular automaton (CA) as a simple model for agents moving from origins to destinations. Each agent moves towards an empty neighbor site corresponding to the minimal distance to its destination. The…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 Najem Moussa

Quantum computation based on quantum cellular automata (QCA) can greatly reduce the control and precision necessary for experimental implementations of quantum information processing. A QCA system consists of a few species of qubits in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yaakov S. Weinstein , C. Stephen Hellberg

The cellular automata (CA) approach to traffic modeling is extended to allow for spatially homogeneous steady state solutions that cover a two dimensional region in the flow-density plane. Hence these models fulfill a basic postulate of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Boris S. Kerner , Sergey L. Klenov , Dietrich E. Wolf

This paper is the continuation of our earlier considerations on cellular automata with Toom local rule (TCA) as the alternative to kinetic Ising systems. The arguments for TCA stationary states not being the equilibrium states are found in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Danuta Makowiec

Distributed fault-tolerance can mask the effect of a limited number of permanent faults, while self-stabilization provides forward recovery after an arbitrary number of transient fault hit the system. FTSS protocols combine the best of both…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-02-11 Swan Dubois , Maria Potop-Butucaru , Sébastien Tixeuil

Probabilistic cellular automata provide a simple framework for the exploration of classical nonequilibrium processes. Recently, quantum cellular automata have been proposed that rely on the propagation of a one-dimensional quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Edward Gillman , Federico Carollo , Igor Lesanovsky

This paper describes a new concept of cellular automaton (CA). XCA consists of a set of arcs (edges) that correspond to cells in CA. At a particular time, the arcs are connected to a directed graph. With each time step, the arcs exchange…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2016-07-19 Walter Eckel

Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) represent a powerful framework for modeling biological self-organization, extending classical rule-based systems with trainable, differentiable (or evolvable) update rules that capture the adaptive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Benedikt Hartl , Michael Levin , Léo Pio-Lopez

In this paper, we present a 4-state solution to the Firing Squad Synchronization Problem (FSSP) based on hybrid rule 60/102 Cellular Automata(CA). This solution solves the problem on the line of length 2^n with two generals. Previous work…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2012-12-14 Li Ning , Liang Shi-li , Cui Shuang , Xu Mei-ling , Zhang Ling

We present a preliminary study of a new class of two-input cellular automata called eventually number-conserving cellular automata characterized by the property of evolving after a finite number of time steps to states whose number of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Nino Boccara

In this paper we consider the identification problem of Cellular Automata (CAs). The problem is defined and solved in the context of partial observations with time gaps of unknown length, i.e. pre-recorded, partial configurations of the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-25 Witold Bołt , Jan M. Baetens , Bernard De Baets

Non-uniform cellular automata (NUCA) are an extension of cellular automata (CA), which transform cells according to multiple different local rules. A NUCA is defined by a configuration of local rules called a local rule distribution. We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Katariina Paturi

Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) models are trainable variations of traditional Cellular Automata (CA). Emergent motion in the patterns created by NCA has been successfully applied to synthesize dynamic textures. However, the conditions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yitao Xu , Ehsan Pajouheshgar , Sabine Süsstrunk

We introduce two generalizations of synchronizability to automata with transitions weighted in an arbitrary semiring K=(K,+,*,0,1). (or equivalently, to finite sets of matrices in K^nxn.) Let us call a matrix A location-synchronizing if…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-23 Szabolcs Iván

Cellular automata are a set of computational models in discrete space that have a discrete time evolution defined by neighbourhood rules. They are used to simulate many complex systems in physics and science in general. In this work,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-05-12 Luca Bertolani , Andrea Idini

Clifford quantum cellular automata (CQCAs) are a special kind of quantum cellular automata (QCAs) that incorporate Clifford group operations for the time evolution. Despite being classically simulable, they can be used as basic building…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-08 Johannes Gütschow

Metastability is observed when a physical system is close to a first order phase transition. In this paper the metastable behavior of a two state reversible probabilistic cellular automaton with self-interaction is discussed. Depending on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-07-10 Emilio N. M. Cirillo , Francesca R. Nardi , Cristian Spitoni

Neural Cellular Automata (NCAs) are a promising new approach to model self-organizing processes, with potential applications in life science. However, their deterministic nature limits their ability to capture the stochasticity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Salvatore Milite , Giulio Caravagna , Andrea Sottoriva

The dynamical behavior of non-uniform cellular automata is compared with the one of classical cellular automata. Several differences and similarities are pointed out by a series of examples. Decidability of basic properties like…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-07-27 Alberto Dennunzio , Enrico Formenti , Julien Provillard

A minimalistic model for chimera states is presented. The model is a cellular automaton (CA) which depends on only one adjustable parameter, the range of the nonlocal coupling, and is built from elementary cellular automata and the majority…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2016-05-25 Vladimir García-Morales