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Pretraining deep language models has led to large performance gains in NLP. Despite this success, Schick and Sch\"utze (2020) recently showed that these models struggle to understand rare words. For static word embeddings, this problem has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Timo Schick , Hinrich Schütze

Deep language models such as BERT pre-trained on large corpus have given a huge performance boost to the state-of-the-art information retrieval ranking systems. Knowledge embedded in such models allows them to pick up complex matching…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Luyu Gao , Zhuyun Dai , Jamie Callan

Neural transducers (NT) provide an effective framework for speech streaming, demonstrating strong performance in automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, the application of NT to speech translation (ST) remains challenging, as existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Amir Hussein , Cihan Xiao , Matthew Wiesner , Dan Povey , Leibny Paola Garcia , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Modern text-to-speech (TTS) systems are able to generate audio that sounds almost as natural as human speech. However, the bar of developing high-quality TTS systems remains high since a sizable set of studio-quality <text, audio> pairs is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Wei Fang , Yu-An Chung , James Glass

This paper presents a framework for Named Entity Recognition (NER) leveraging the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model in natural language processing (NLP). NER is a fundamental task in NLP with broad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Mo Sun , Siheng Xiong , Yuankai Cai , Bowen Zuo

BERT, as one of the pretrianed language models, attracts the most attention in recent years for creating new benchmarks across GLUE tasks via fine-tuning. One pressing issue is to open up the blackbox and explain the decision makings of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Zhengxuan Wu , Desmond C. Ong

We develop a chatbot using Deep Bidirectional Transformer models (BERT) to handle client questions in financial investment customer service. The bot can recognize 381 intents, and decides when to say "I don't know" and escalates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Shi Yu , Yuxin Chen , Hussain Zaidi

Pre-trained language models like BERT achieve superior performances in various NLP tasks without explicit consideration of syntactic information. Meanwhile, syntactic information has been proved to be crucial for the success of NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Jiangang Bai , Yujing Wang , Yiren Chen , Yaming Yang , Jing Bai , Jing Yu , Yunhai Tong

Several biomedical language models have already been developed for clinical language inference. However, these models typically utilize general vocabularies and are trained on relatively small clinical corpora. We sought to evaluate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Madhumita Sushil , Dana Ludwig , Atul J. Butte , Vivek A. Rudrapatna

Contextualized word embeddings, i.e. vector representations for words in context, are naturally seen as an extension of previous noncontextual distributional semantic models. In this work, we focus on BERT, a deep neural network that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Timothee Mickus , Denis Paperno , Mathieu Constant , Kees van Deemter

Large, pre-trained transformer-based language models such as BERT have drastically changed the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field. We present a survey of recent work that uses these large language models to solve NLP tasks via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Bonan Min , Hayley Ross , Elior Sulem , Amir Pouran Ben Veyseh , Thien Huu Nguyen , Oscar Sainz , Eneko Agirre , Ilana Heinz , Dan Roth

While large scale pre-trained language models such as BERT have achieved great success on various natural language understanding tasks, how to efficiently and effectively incorporate them into sequence-to-sequence models and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Junliang Guo , Zhirui Zhang , Linli Xu , Hao-Ran Wei , Boxing Chen , Enhong Chen

We introduce a novel multi-agent collaboration framework designed to enhance the accuracy and robustness of text classification models. Leveraging BERT as the primary classifier, our framework dynamically escalates low-confidence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Hediyeh Baban , Sai A Pidapar , Aashutosh Nema , Sichen Lu

Fine-tuning pre-trained transformers is a powerful technique for enhancing the performance of base models on specific tasks. From early applications in models like BERT to fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), this approach has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Suneel Nadipalli

Neural networks provide new possibilities to automatically learn complex language patterns and query-document relations. Neural IR models have achieved promising results in learning query-document relevance patterns, but few explorations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Zhuyun Dai , Jamie Callan

Breaking down the structure of long texts into semantically coherent segments makes the texts more readable and supports downstream applications like summarization and retrieval. Starting from an apparent link between text coherence and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Goran Glavaš , Swapna Somasundaran

Education systems are dynamically changing to accommodate technological advances, industrial and societal needs, and to enhance students' learning journeys. Curriculum specialists and educators constantly revise taught subjects across…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Tamador Alkhidir , Edmond Awad , Aamena Alshamsi

This study investigates the internal representations of verb-particle combinations within transformer-based large language models (LLMs), specifically examining how these models capture lexical and syntactic nuances at different neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Hassane Kissane , Achim Schilling , Patrick Krauss

Quantum communication has the potential to revolutionize information processing, providing unparalleled security and increased capacity compared to its classical counterpart by using the principles of quantum mechanics. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-30 Yuqi Li , Zhouhang Shi , Haitao Ma , Li Shen , Jinge Bao , Yunlong Xiao

We introduce BERTphone, a Transformer encoder trained on large speech corpora that outputs phonetically-aware contextual representation vectors that can be used for both speaker and language recognition. This is accomplished by training on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Shaoshi Ling , Julian Salazar , Yuzong Liu , Katrin Kirchhoff