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Related papers: A Brief History of Time Crystals

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Symmetry Topological Field Theory (SymTFT) is a framework to capture universal features of quantum many-body systems by viewing them as a boundary of topological order in one higher dimension. This has yielded numerous insights in static…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-03-04 Vedant Motamarri , Campbell McLauchlan , Benjamin Béri

A time crystal is a state of periodically driven matter which breaks discrete time translation symmetry. Time crystals have been demonstrated experimentally in various programmable quantum simulators and exemplify how non-equilibrium,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-03-21 Andrew Stasiuk , Paola Cappellaro

Time crystallization is a hallmark of superfluidity, indicative of the fundamental fact that along with breaking the global U(1) symmetry, superfluids also break time-translation symmetry. While the standard discussion of the time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-02-20 Nikolay V. Prokof'ev , Boris V. Svistunov

Time crystals are a phase of matter, for which the discrete time symmetry of the driving Hamiltonian is spontaneously broken. The breaking of discrete time symmetry has been observed in several experiments in driven spin systems. Here, we…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-11-07 Jasper Smits , Lei Liao , Henk Stoof , Peter van der Straten

A discrete time crystal (DTC) repeats itself with a rigid rhythm, mimicking a ticking clock set by the interplay between its internal structures and an external force. DTCs promise profound applications in precision time-keeping and other…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-07-22 Changyuan Lyu , Sayan Choudhury , Chenwei Lv , Yangqian Yan , Qi Zhou

We present fresh evidence for the presence of discrete quantum time crystals in two spatial dimensions. Discrete time crystals are intricate quantum systems that break discrete time translation symmetry in driven quantum many-body systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 A. Kshetrimayum , M. Goihl , D. M. Kennes , J. Eisert

Many measurements on soft condensed matter (e.g., biological and materials) systems track low-dimensional observables projected from the full system phase space as a function of time. Examples are dynamic structure factors, spectroscopic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-03 Alessio Lapolla , Jeremy C. Smith , Aljaž Godec

Understanding different aspects of time is at the core of many areas in theoretical physics. Minimal models of continuous stochastic and quantum clocks have been proposed to explore fundamental limitations on the performance of timekeeping…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Ludmila Viotti , Marcus Huber , Rosario Fazio , Gonzalo Manzano

We study the breaking of the discrete time-translation symmetry in small periodically driven quantum systems. Such systems are intermediate between large closed systems and small dissipative systems, which both display the symmetry…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-29 Yaxing Zhang , J. Gosner , S. M. Girvin , J. Ankerhold , M. I. Dykman

We introduce a boundary condition twisted by time translation as a novel probe to characterize dynamical phases in periodically driven (Floquet) quantum systems. Inspired by twisted boundary conditions in equilibrium systems, this approach…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-17 Ryota Nakai , Taozhi Guo , Shinsei Ryu

Spontaneous breaking of continuous time translation symmetry into a discrete one is related to time crystal formation. While the phenomenon is not possible in the ground state of a time-independent many-body system, it can occur in an…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-08-21 Arkadiusz Kosior , Andrzej Syrwid , Krzysztof Sacha

Time crystals, as temporal analogs of space crystals, manifest as stable and periodic behavior that breaks time translation symmetry. In an open quantum system, many-body interaction subjected to dissipation allows one to develop the time…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Yuechun Jiao , Weilun Jiang , Yu Zhang , Jingxu Bai , Yunhui He , Heng Shen , Jianming Zhao , Suotang Jia

Continuous time crystals, i.e., nonequilibrium phases with a spontaneously broken continuous time-translational symmetry, have been studied and recently observed in the long-time dynamics of open quantum systems. Here, we investigate a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Felix Russo , Thomas Pohl

We propose a Floquet period-doubling time-crystal model based on a disordered interacting long-range spin chain where the periodic swapping of nearby spin couples is applied. This protocol can be applied to systems with any local spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-27 Roberto Gargiulo , Gianluca Passarelli , Procolo Lucignano , Angelo Russomanno

We demonstrate that the prethermal regime of periodically driven (Floquet), classical many-body systems can host nonequilibrium phases of matter. In particular, we show that there exists an effective Hamiltonian that captures the dynamics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Bingtian Ye , Francisco Machado , Norman Y. Yao

Time crystals spontaneously break the time translation symmetry, as recently has been frequently reported in quantum systems. Here we describe the observation of classical analogues of both 1+1-dimensional and 2+1-dimensional discrete…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-24 Hanqing Zhao , Rui Zhang , Ivan I. Smalyukh

Topologically ordered phases of matter elude Landau's symmetry-breaking theory, featuring a variety of intriguing properties such as long-range entanglement and intrinsic robustness against local perturbations. Their extension to…

We investigate an unconventional symmetry in time-periodically driven systems, the Floquet dynamical symmetry (FDS). Unlike the usual symmetries, the FDS gives symmetry sectors that are equidistant in the Floquet spectrum and protects…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-10 Koki Chinzei , Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda

The spontaneous breaking of time-translation symmetry in periodically driven quantum systems leads to a new phase of matter: discrete time crystals (DTC). This phase exhibits collective subharmonic oscillations that depend upon an interplay…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-04-21 Norman Y. Yao , Chetan Nayak , Leon Balents , Michael P. Zaletel

The study of classical waves in time-periodic systems is experiencing a resurgence of interest, motivated by their rich physics and the new engineering opportunities they enable, with several analogies to parallel efforts in other branches…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-04 Francesco Monticone , Dimitrios Sounas , Matteo Ciabattoni