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When making an online purchase, it becomes important for the customer to read the product reviews carefully and make a decision based on that. However, reviews can be lengthy, may contain repeated, or sometimes irrelevant information that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Saurabh Jain , Guokai Tang , Lim Sze Chi

Existing studies on question answering on knowledge bases (KBQA) mainly operate with the standard i.i.d assumption, i.e., training distribution over questions is the same as the test distribution. However, i.i.d may be neither reasonably…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Yu Gu , Sue Kase , Michelle Vanni , Brian Sadler , Percy Liang , Xifeng Yan , Yu Su

Recent studies on machine reading comprehension have focused on text-level understanding but have not yet reached the level of human understanding of the visual layout and content of real-world documents. In this study, we introduce a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Ryota Tanaka , Kyosuke Nishida , Sen Yoshida

Understanding narratives requires reading between the lines, which in turn, requires interpreting the likely causes and effects of events, even when they are not mentioned explicitly. In this paper, we introduce Cosmos QA, a large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Lifu Huang , Ronan Le Bras , Chandra Bhagavatula , Yejin Choi

There is a practically unlimited amount of natural language data available. Still, recent work in text comprehension has focused on datasets which are small relative to current computing possibilities. This article is making a case for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-05 Ondrej Bajgar , Rudolf Kadlec , Jan Kleindienst

Reading comprehension is a key for individual success, yet the assessment of question difficulty remains challenging due to the extensive human annotation and large-scale testing required by traditional methods such as linguistic analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yoshee Jain , John Hollander , Amber He , Sunny Tang , Liang Zhang , John Sabatini

We present STARC (Structured Annotations for Reading Comprehension), a new annotation framework for assessing reading comprehension with multiple choice questions. Our framework introduces a principled structure for the answer choices and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Yevgeni Berzak , Jonathan Malmaud , Roger Levy

Question answering (QA) tasks have been posed using a variety of formats, such as extractive span selection, multiple choice, etc. This has led to format-specialized models, and even to an implicit division in the QA community. We argue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Daniel Khashabi , Sewon Min , Tushar Khot , Ashish Sabharwal , Oyvind Tafjord , Peter Clark , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

The progress in text summarization techniques has been remarkable. However the task of accurately extracting and summarizing necessary information from highly specialized documents such as research papers has not been sufficiently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Yuya Fujisaki , Shiro Takagi , Hideki Asoh , Wataru Kumagai

Reliable automatic evaluation of summarization systems is challenging due to the multifaceted and subjective nature of the task. This is especially the case for languages other than English, where human evaluations are scarce. In this work,…

NER has been traditionally formulated as a sequence labeling task. However, there has been recent trend in posing NER as a machine reading comprehension task (Wang et al., 2020; Mengge et al., 2020), where entity name (or other information)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Anubhav Shrimal , Avi Jain , Kartik Mehta , Promod Yenigalla

Understanding how events are semantically related to each other is the essence of reading comprehension. Recent event-centric reading comprehension datasets focus mostly on event arguments or temporal relations. While these tasks partially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Rujun Han , I-Hung Hsu , Jiao Sun , Julia Baylon , Qiang Ning , Dan Roth , Nanyun Peng

Visual question answering (VQA) demands simultaneous comprehension of both the image visual content and natural language questions. In some cases, the reasoning needs the help of common sense or general knowledge which usually appear in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Hui Li , Peng Wang , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Reading comprehension by machine has been widely studied, but machine comprehension of spoken content is still a less investigated problem. In this paper, we release Open-Domain Spoken Question Answering Dataset (ODSQA) with more than three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-08 Chia-Hsuan Lee , Shang-Ming Wang , Huan-Cheng Chang , Hung-Yi Lee

When answering complex questions, people can seamlessly combine information from visual, textual and tabular sources. While interest in models that reason over multiple pieces of evidence has surged in recent years, there has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Alon Talmor , Ori Yoran , Amnon Catav , Dan Lahav , Yizhong Wang , Akari Asai , Gabriel Ilharco , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Jonathan Berant

Mental health remains a challenging problem all over the world, with issues like depression, anxiety becoming increasingly common. Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen a vast application in healthcare, specifically in answering medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Suraj Racha , Prashant Joshi , Anshika Raman , Nikita Jangid , Mridul Sharma , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Nirmal Punjabi

Machine reading comprehension with unanswerable questions aims to abstain from answering when no answer can be inferred. In addition to extract answers, previous works usually predict an additional "no-answer" probability to detect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Minghao Hu , Furu Wei , Yuxing Peng , Zhen Huang , Nan Yang , Dongsheng Li

Recently, the community has achieved substantial progress on many commonsense reasoning benchmarks. However, it is still unclear what is learned from the training process: the knowledge, inference capability, or both? We argue that due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Hongming Zhang , Yintong Huo , Yanai Elazar , Yangqiu Song , Yoav Goldberg , Dan Roth

General Question Answering (QA) systems over texts require the multi-hop reasoning capability, i.e. the ability to reason with information collected from multiple passages to derive the answer. In this paper we conduct a systematic analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Haoyu Wang , Mo Yu , Xiaoxiao Guo , Rajarshi Das , Wenhan Xiong , Tian Gao

Question Answering (QA) is a task in which a machine understands a given document and a question to find an answer. Despite impressive progress in the NLP area, QA is still a challenging problem, especially for non-English languages due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-04 ByungHoon So , Kyuhong Byun , Kyungwon Kang , Seongjin Cho