Related papers: The attoclock and the tunnelling time debate
The conundrum parameter-operator of time in quantum mechanics (QM), as well as the time-energy uncertainty relation and the tunneling delay time, have recently been addressed in attosecond optical ioniza- tion experiments. The parameter…
Attosecond measurements reveal new physical insights in photo ionization dynamics from atoms, molecules and condensed matter. However, on such time scales even small timing jitter can significantly reduce the time resolution in pump-probe…
Clock interferometry refers to the coherent splitting of a clock into two different paths and recombining in a way that reveals the proper time difference between them. Unlike the comparison of two separate clocks, this approach allows…
State-of-the-art atomic clocks are based on the precise detection of the energy difference between two atomic levels, measured as a quantum phase accumulated in a given time interval. Optical-lattice clocks (OLCs) now operate at or near the…
A detection scheme for characterizing high-energy $\gamma$-ray pulses down to the zeptosecond timescale is proposed. In contrast to existing attosecond metrology techniques, our method is not limited by atomic shell physics and therefore…
We describe a series of atom optics experiments underway at Toronto for investigating tunnelling interaction times of various sorts. We begin by discussing some outstanding issues and confusions related to the question of whether or not…
We study the influence of polarization effects in streaking by combined atto- and femtosecond pulses. The polarization-induced terms alter the streaking spectrum. The normal streaking spectrum, which maps to the vector potential of the…
We investigate laser-induced nonsequential double ionization by a polarization-gated laser pulse, constructed employing two counter-rotating circularly polarized few cycle pulses with a time delay $T_{d}$. We address the problem within a…
Recent attoclock experiments and theoretical studies regarding the strong-field ionization of atoms by few-cycle infrared pulses revealed new features that have attracted much attention. Here we investigate tunneling ionization and the…
In this paper, we investigate tunneling of conduction band electrons in a system of an asymmetric double quantum dot which interacts with an environment. First, we consider the case in which the system only interacts with the environment…
Using a time operator, we define a tunneling time for a particle going through a barrier. This tunneling time is the average of the phase time introduced by other authors. In addition to the delay time caused by the resonances over the…
By measuring energy spectra of the electron emission from a sharp tungsten tip induced by few-cycle laser pulses, the laser-field dependence of the emission mechanism was investigated. In strong laser fields, we confirm the appearance of…
Tunneling is an important physical process. The observation that particles surmount a high mountain in spite of the fact that they don't have the necessary energy cannot be explained by classical physics. However, this so called tunneling…
A standard approach to analyzing tunneling processes in various physical contexts is to use instanton or imaginary time path techniques. For systems in which the tunneling takes place in a time dependent setting, the standard methods are…
We begin the Article with confusing citations in published papers on the question recently: how much time does a wave packet spend in a tunnelling barrier? ..a particle tunnelling through a barrier appears to do so in zero time 1. .. The…
The tunneling time is here investigated by means of an electromagnetic model, for a system where a gap, between two parallel planes, acts as a classically-forbidden region for an impinging pulse with incidence angle larger than the critical…
In optical clocks, transitions of ions or neutral atoms are interrogated using pulsed ultra-narrow laser fields. Systematic phase chirps of the laser or changes of the optical path length during the measurement cause a shift of the…
We report on the measurement of the time required for a wave packet to tunnel through the potential barriers of an optical lattice. The experiment is carried out by loading adiabatically a Bose-Einstein condensate into a 1D optical lattice.…
The tunneling time of particle through given barrier is commonly defined in terms of "internal clocks" which effectively measure the interaction time with internal degrees of freedom of the barrier. It is known that this definition of the…
Tunneling ionization is characterized by a negative time delay, observed asymptotically as a specific shift of the photoelectron momentum distribution, which is caused by the interference of the sub-barrier recolliding and direct ionization…