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Automatic question generation aims at the generation of questions from a context, with the corresponding answers being sub-spans of the given passage. Whereas, most of the methods mostly rely on heuristic rules to generate questions, more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Tassilo Klein , Moin Nabi

Automatic generation of paraphrases from a given sentence is an important yet challenging task in natural language processing (NLP), and plays a key role in a number of applications such as question answering, search, and dialogue. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Zichao Li , Xin Jiang , Lifeng Shang , Hang Li

The rise of personal assistants has made conversational question answering (ConvQA) a very popular mechanism for user-system interaction. State-of-the-art methods for ConvQA over knowledge graphs (KGs) can only learn from crisp…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Magdalena Kaiser , Rishiraj Saha Roy , Gerhard Weikum

Question Generation (QG) is a Natural Language Processing (NLP) task that aids advances in Question Answering (QA) and conversational assistants. Existing models focus on generating a question based on a text and possibly the answer to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Junmo Kang , Haritz Puerto San Roman , Sung-Hyon Myaeng

Knowledge Graphs (KG) act as a great tool for holding distilled information from large natural language text corpora. The problem of natural language querying over knowledge graphs is essential for the human consumption of this information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Aayushee Gupta , K. M. Annervaz , Ambedkar Dukkipati , Shubhashis Sengupta

This paper presents an end-to-end neural network model, named Neural Generative Question Answering (GENQA), that can generate answers to simple factoid questions, based on the facts in a knowledge-base. More specifically, the model is built…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-25 Jun Yin , Xin Jiang , Zhengdong Lu , Lifeng Shang , Hang Li , Xiaoming Li

Question and answer generation (QAG) consists of generating a set of question-answer pairs given a context (e.g. a paragraph). This task has a variety of applications, such as data augmentation for question answering (QA) models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Asahi Ushio , Fernando Alva-Manchego , Jose Camacho-Collados

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offer a promising approach to robust and explainable Question Answering (QA). While LLMs excel at natural language understanding, they suffer from knowledge gaps and hallucinations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jasper Linders , Jakub M. Tomczak

Generating keyphrases that summarize the main points of a document is a fundamental task in natural language processing. Although existing generative models are capable of predicting multiple keyphrases for an input document as well as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Hou Pong Chan , Wang Chen , Lu Wang , Irwin King

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrates non-parametric knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs), typically from unstructured texts and structured graphs. While recent progress has advanced text-based RAG to multi-turn reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yucan Guo , Miao Su , Saiping Guan , Zihao Sun , Xiaolong Jin , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

In this work, we focus on the task of Automatic Question Generation (AQG) where given a passage and an answer the task is to generate the corresponding question. It is desired that the generated question should be (i) grammatically correct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Preksha Nema , Akash Kumar Mohankumar , Mitesh M. Khapra , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan , Balaraman Ravindran

In this paper, we propose the task of consecutive question generation (CQG), which generates a set of logically related question-answer pairs to understand a whole passage, with a comprehensive consideration of the aspects including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Yunji Li , Sujian Li , Xing Shi

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has demonstrated its ability to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources. However, multi-hop questions, which require the identification of multiple knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuchen Yan , Peiyan Zhang , Zhihua Liu , Hao Wang , Yatao Bian , Weiming Li , Xiaoshuai Hao

In this paper, we focus on task-specific question answering (QA). To this end, we introduce a method for generating exhaustive and high-quality training data, which allows us to train compact (e.g., run on a mobile device), task-specific QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hai X. Pham , Isma Hadji , Xinnuo Xu , Ziedune Degutyte , Jay Rainey , Evangelos Kazakos , Afsaneh Fazly , Georgios Tzimiropoulos , Brais Martinez

Generating structured query language (SQL) from natural language is an emerging research topic. This paper presents a new learning paradigm from indirect supervision of the answers to natural language questions, instead of SQL queries. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Ziwei Bai , Bo Yu , Bowen Wu , Zhuoran Wang , Baoxun Wang

We study the problem of joint question answering (QA) and question generation (QG) in this paper. Our intuition is that QA and QG have intrinsic connections and these two tasks could improve each other. On one side, the QA model judges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Duyu Tang , Nan Duan , Tao Qin , Zhao Yan , Ming Zhou

Personalized education systems increasingly rely on structured knowledge representations to support adaptive learning and question generation. However, existing approaches face two fundamental limitations. First, constructing and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yingquan Wang , Tianyu Wei , Qinsi Li , Li Zeng

We introduce a novel schema for sequence to sequence learning with a Deep Q-Network (DQN), which decodes the output sequence iteratively. The aim here is to enable the decoder to first tackle easier portions of the sequences, and then turn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-11-02 Hongyu Guo

In the realm of education, student evaluation holds equal significance to imparting knowledge. To be evaluated, students usually need to go through text-based academic assessment methods. Instructors need to make a diverse set of questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Md. Alvee Ehsan , A. S. M Mehedi Hasan , Kefaya Benta Shahnoor , Syeda Sumaiya Tasneem

A significant amount of the world's knowledge is stored in relational databases. However, the ability for users to retrieve facts from a database is limited due to a lack of understanding of query languages such as SQL. We propose Seq2SQL,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-13 Victor Zhong , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher