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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a critical tool for diagnosing tumors and neurological disorders but poses radiation risks to patients, particularly to sensitive populations. While reducing injected radiation dose mitigates this risk,…

Most of the Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) based CT image denoising literature shows that DNNs outperform traditional iterative methods in terms of metrics such as the RMSE, the PSNR and the SSIM. In many instances, using the same metrics, the…

Sparse-view CT reconstruction, aimed at reducing X-ray radiation risks, frequently suffers from image quality degradation, manifested as noise and artifacts. Existing post-processing and dual-domain techniques, although effective in…

Deep-neural-network-based image reconstruction has demonstrated promising performance in medical imaging for under-sampled and low-dose scenarios. However, it requires large amount of memory and extensive time for the training. It is…

Increasing use of CT in modern medical practice has raised concerns over associated radiation dose. Reduction of radiation dose associated with CT can increase noise and artifacts, which can adversely affect diagnostic confidence. Denoising…

Several variants of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been developed for Magnetic Resonance (MR) image reconstruction. Among them, U-Net has shown to be the baseline architecture for MR image reconstruction. However, sub-sampling is…

Spectral computed tomography (CT) is an emerging technology capable of providing high chemical specificity, which is crucial for many applications such as detecting threats in luggage. This type of application requires both fast and…

X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is an important tool in medical imaging to obtain a direct visualization of patient anatomy. However, the x-ray radiation exposure leads to the concern of lifetime cancer risk. Low-dose CT scan can reduce the…

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) depend on feedforward and feedback ways to obtain good performance in image denoising. However, how to obtain effective structural information via CNNs to efficiently represent given noisy images is…

With the development of deep learning, medical image processing has been widely used to assist clinical research. This paper focuses on the denoising problem of low-dose computed tomography using deep learning. Although low-dose computed…

Computed tomography (CT) is a popular medical imaging modality in clinical applications. At the same time, the x-ray radiation dose associated with CT scans raises public concerns due to its potential risks to the patients. Over the past…

Low-dose CT images are essential for reducing radiation exposure in cancer screening, pediatric imaging, and longitudinal monitoring protocols, but their quality is often degraded by noise from low-dose acquisition, patient motion, or…

Obtaining accurate and reliable images from low-dose computed tomography (CT) is challenging. Regression convolutional neural network (CNN) models that are learned from training data are increasingly gaining attention in low-dose CT…

Utilizing a low-dose CT approach significantly reduces the radiation exposure for patients, yet it introduces challenges, such as increased noise and artifacts in the resultant images, which can hinder accurate medical diagnostics.…

Computed tomography (CT) is increasingly being used for cancer screening, such as early detection of lung cancer. However, CT studies have varying pixel spacing due to differences in acquisition parameters. Thick slice CTs have lower…

The resurgence of deep neural networks has created an alternative pathway for low-dose computed tomography denoising by learning a nonlinear transformation function between low-dose CT (LDCT) and normal-dose CT (NDCT) image pairs. However,…

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) denoising is an important problem in CT research. Compared to the normal dose CT (NDCT), LDCT images are subjected to severe noise and artifacts. Recently in many studies, vision transformers have shown…

Despite the indispensable role of X-ray computed tomography (CT) in diagnostic medicine field, the associated ionizing radiation is still a major concern considering that it may cause genetic and cancerous diseases. Decreasing the exposure…

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image classification successively alternate convolutions and downsampling operations, such as pooling layers or strided convolutions, resulting in lower resolution features the deeper the…

While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and vision transformers (ViTs) have advanced medical image segmentation, they face inherent limitations such as local receptive fields in CNNs and high computational complexity in ViTs. This paper…