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Respiratory ailments such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, and lung cancer are life-threatening. Respiration rate (RR) is a vital indicator of the wellness of a patient. Continuous monitoring of RR can…

Respiratory rate (RR) monitoring is integral to understanding physical and mental health and tracking fitness. Existing studies have demonstrated the feasibility of RR monitoring under specific user conditions (e.g., while remaining still,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Yang Liu , Kayla-Jade Butkow , Jake Stuchbury-Wass , Adam Pullin , Dong Ma , Cecilia Mascolo

Heart rate (HR) detection from ballistocardiogram (BCG) signals is challenging because the signal morphology can vary between and within-subjects. Also, it differs from one sensor to another. Hence, it is essential to evaluate HR detection…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-11 Ibrahim Sadek , Bessam Abdulrazak

Biometric authentication using physiological signals offers a promising path toward secure and user-friendly access control in wearable devices. While electrocardiogram (ECG) signals have shown high discriminability, their intrusive sensing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Wei Shao , Zequan Liang , Ruoyu Zhang , Ruijie Fang , Ning Miao , Ehsan Kourkchi , Setareh Rafatirad , Houman Homayoun , Chongzhou Fang

Healthcare technology has advanced with the development of an IoT-based real-time monitoring system for post-operative heart disease patients. This system integrates advanced sensor technologies with cloud-connected platforms to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-10-16 Jayed Bin Harez , Shapla Akter , Rayhanul Islam Sony , M T Hasan Amin , Meratun Junnut Anee , Amzad Hossain

The current gold standard for human activity recognition (HAR) is based on the use of cameras. However, the poor scalability of camera systems renders them impractical in pursuit of the goal of wider adoption of HAR in mobile computing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Eoin Brophy , José Juan Dominguez Veiga , Zhengwei Wang , Alan F. Smeaton , Tomas E. Ward

This paper presents a robust method to monitor heart rate (HR) from BCG (Ballistocardiography) signal, which is acquired from the sensor embedded in a chair or a mattress. The proposed algorithm addresses the shortfalls in traditional Fast…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-09-11 Qingsong Xie , Guoxing Wang , Yong Lian

Consumer wearables enable continuous measurement of physiological data related to stress and recovery, but turning these streams into actionable, personalized stress-management recommendations remains a challenge. In practice, users often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Esther Brown , Victoria Dean , Finale Doshi-Velez

The Internet of Things (IoT) is increasingly empowering people with an interconnected world of physical objects ranging from smart buildings to portable smart devices such as wearables. With recent advances in mobile sensing, wearables have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Sudip Vhaduri , Christian Poellabauer

The security of private information is becoming the bedrock of an increasingly digitized society. While the users are flooded with passwords and PINs, these gold-standard explicit authentications are becoming less popular and valuable.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-26 William Cheung , Sudip Vhaduri

Cost-effective wireless electrocardiograms (ECGs) enable long-term and scalable monitoring of cardiac patients in their home and work environments. Because they offer greater freedom of movement, they are also suitable for investigating the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Yalemzerf Getnet , Waltenegus Dargie

Smartwatches are widely used to estimate caloric expenditure for weight management, clinical decision making, and public health monitoring. These devices combine photoplethysmography, accelerometry, and proprietary algorithms. However,…

Using mobile phone video of the fingertip as a data source for estimating vital signs such as heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) during daily life has long been suggested. While existing literature indicates that these estimates are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Ibne Farabi Shihab

Utilizing mobile phone cameras for continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring presents a cost-effective and accessible approach, yet it is challenged by limitations in accuracy and interpretability. This study introduces four innovative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-25 Ivan Liu , Fangyuan Liu , Qi Zhong , Shiguang Ni

Continuous monitoring of heart rate variability (HRV) provides insights in cardiovascular health. Wearable Photoplethysmography (PPG) assures convenient measurement of HRV. PPG, however, is susceptible to motion artifacts, considerably…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-17 Luffina C. Huang

Accurate estimation of the human circadian phase plays an important role in personalized health monitoring, but most existing wearable-based approaches operate retrospectively and require full circadian cycle recordings, leading to high…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Mengzhu Xu , Nemanja Cabrilo , Merel van Gilst , Jean-Paul Linnartz

The assessment of energy expenditure in real life is of great importance for monitoring the current physical state of people, especially in work, sport, elderly care, health care, and everyday life even. This work reports about application…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Peng Gang , Wei Zeng , Yuri Gordienko , Oleksandr Rokovyi , Oleg Alienin , Sergii Stirenko

In this paper, we propose an algorithm denoted as HeartBEAT that tracks heart rate from wrist-type photoplethysmography (PPG) signals and simultaneously recorded three-axis acceleration data. HeartBEAT contains three major parts: spectrum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-14 Huijie Pan , Dogancan Temel , Ghassan AlRegib

Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors are present in everyday devices such as smartphones and fitness watches. As a result, the array of health-related research and applications that tap onto this data has been growing, but little…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Davi Pedrosa de Aguiar , Fabricio Murai

Wearable systems provide continuous health monitoring and can lead to early detection of potential health issues. However, the lifecycle of wearable systems faces several challenges. First, effective model training for new wearable devices…