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In this paper, we study statistical inference for the Wasserstein distance, which has attracted much attention and has been applied to various machine learning tasks. Several studies have been proposed in the literature, but almost all of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-21 Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Ichiro Takeuchi

The Wasserstein distance is a distance between two probability distributions and has recently gained increasing popularity in statistics and machine learning, owing to its attractive properties. One important approach to extending this…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-14 Ryo Okano , Masaaki Imaizumi

Motivated by the growing popularity of variants of the Wasserstein distance in statistics and machine learning, we study statistical inference for the Sliced Wasserstein distance--an easily computable variant of the Wasserstein distance.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Tudor Manole , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Larry Wasserman

We consider a data-driven robust hypothesis test where the optimal test will minimize the worst-case performance regarding distributions that are close to the empirical distributions with respect to the Wasserstein distance. This leads to a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Liyan Xie , Rui Gao , Yao Xie

We develop a projected Wasserstein distance for the two-sample test, a fundamental problem in statistics and machine learning: given two sets of samples, to determine whether they are from the same distribution. In particular, we aim to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-01 Jie Wang , Rui Gao , Yao Xie

The Wasserstein distance is an attractive tool for data analysis but statistical inference is hindered by the lack of distributional limits. To overcome this obstacle, for probability measures supported on finitely many points, we derive…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-04-27 Max Sommerfeld , Axel Munk

We provide upper bounds of the expected Wasserstein distance between a probability measure and its empirical version, generalizing recent results for finite dimensional Euclidean spaces and bounded functional spaces. Such a generalization…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-29 Jing Lei

In this paper, we establish sharp upper and lower bounds on the convergence rate of the empirical measures of point processes under the Wasserstein distance. To this end, we first introduce a new metric on the space of counting measures…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Dongzhou Huang , Tianyi Jiang , Haonan Wang

The Wasserstein distance between two probability measures on a metric space is a measure of closeness with applications in statistics, probability, and machine learning. In this work, we consider the fundamental question of how quickly the…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-04 Jonathan Weed , Francis Bach

We derive quantitative bounds on the rate of convergence in $L^1$ Wasserstein distance of general M-estimators, with an almost sharp (up to a logarithmic term) behavior in the number of observations. We focus on situations where the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-19 François Bachoc , Max Fathi

We develop a novel computationally efficient and general framework for robust hypothesis testing. The new framework features a new way to construct uncertainty sets under the null and the alternative distributions, which are sets centered…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-29 Rui Gao , Liyan Xie , Yao Xie , Huan Xu

This paper considers the problem of regression over distributions, which is becoming increasingly important in machine learning. Existing approaches often ignore the geometry of the probability space or are computationally expensive. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Maksim Maslov , Alexander Kugaevskikh , Matthew Ivanov

Statistical inference can be performed by minimizing, over the parameter space, the Wasserstein distance between model distributions and the empirical distribution of the data. We study asymptotic properties of such minimum Wasserstein…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-13 Espen Bernton , Pierre E. Jacob , Mathieu Gerber , Christian P. Robert

Consider the empirical measure, $\hat{\mathbb{P}}_N$, associated to $N$ i.i.d. samples of a given probability distribution $\mathbb{P}$ on the unit interval. For fixed $\mathbb{P}$ the Wasserstein distance between $\hat{\mathbb{P}}_N$ and…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-04 Samuel N. Cohen , Martin N. A. Tegnér , Johannes Wiesel

This work presents several expected generalization error bounds based on the Wasserstein distance. More specifically, it introduces full-dataset, single-letter, and random-subset bounds, and their analogues in the randomized subsample…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-29 Borja Rodríguez-Gálvez , Germán Bassi , Ragnar Thobaben , Mikael Skoglund

Wasserstein distances are widely used in modern data analysis but pose significant computational and statistical challenges in high dimensions. The sliced Wasserstein distance alleviates these challenges by leveraging one-dimensional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-21 David Rodríguez-Vítores , Eustasio del Barrio , Jean-Michel Loubes

Motivated by the statistical and computational challenges of computing Wasserstein distances in high-dimensional contexts, machine learning researchers have defined modified Wasserstein distances based on computing distances between…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-06-02 Jiaqi Xi , Jonathan Niles-Weed

A growing number of generative statistical models do not permit the numerical evaluation of their likelihood functions. Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) has become a popular approach to overcome this issue, in which one simulates…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-10 Espen Bernton , Pierre E. Jacob , Mathieu Gerber , Christian P. Robert

Wasserstein distances provide a powerful framework for comparing data distributions. They can be used to analyze processes over time or to detect inhomogeneities within data. However, simply calculating the Wasserstein distance or analyzing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Philip Naumann , Jacob Kauffmann , Grégoire Montavon

The Wasserstein distance is a metric on a space of probability measures that has seen a surge of applications in statistics, machine learning, and applied mathematics. However, statistical aspects of Wasserstein distances are bottlenecked…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-03-02 Ziv Goldfeld , Kengo Kato , Sloan Nietert , Gabriel Rioux
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