Related papers: Psychometric Analysis of Forensic Examiner Behavio…
We propose a novel nonparametric Bayesian IRT model in this paper by introducing the clustering effect at question level and further assume heterogeneity at examinee level under each question cluster, characterized by the mixture of…
A meaningful and deep understanding of the human aspects of software engineering (SE) requires psychological constructs to be considered. Psychology theory can facilitate the systematic and sound development as well as the adoption of…
Digital forensic investigations increasingly rely on heterogeneous evidence such as images, scanned documents, and contextual reports. These artifacts may contain explicit or implicit expressions of harm, hate, threat, violence, or…
Although researchers have found evidence contextual bias in forensic science, the discussion of contextual bias is currently qualitative. We formalize years of empirical research and extend this research by showing quantitatively how biases…
Forensic iris recognition, as opposed to live iris recognition, is an emerging research area that leverages the discriminative power of iris biometrics to aid human examiners in their efforts to identify deceased persons. As a machine…
We investigate how the use of bullet comparison algorithms and demonstrative evidence may affect juror perceptions of reliability, credibility, and understanding of expert witnesses and presented evidence. The use of statistical methods in…
Item response theory (IRT) is a non-linear generative probabilistic paradigm for using exams to identify, quantify, and compare latent traits of individuals, relative to their peers, within a population of interest. In pre-existing…
Fingerprint individuality refers to the extent of uniqueness of fingerprints and is the main criteria for deciding between a match versus nonmatch in forensic testimony. Often, prints are subject to varying levels of noise, for example, the…
Post-mortem iris recognition is an emerging application of iris-based human identification in a forensic setup. One factor that may be useful in conditioning iris recognition methods is the tissue decomposition level, which is correlated…
In standardized educational testing, test items are reused in multiple test administrations. To ensure the validity of test scores, the psychometric properties of items should remain unchanged over time. In this paper, we consider the…
Bayesian methods have been very successful in quantifying uncertainty in physics-based problems in parameter estimation and prediction. In these cases, physical measurements y are modeled as the best fit of a physics-based model…
Law-enforcement investigations aimed at preventing attacks by violent extremists have become increasingly important for public safety. The problem is exacerbated by the massive data volumes that need to be scanned to identify complex…
A new method is proposed to explore sources of cross-site impact variance in multi-site trials of social interventions. With this approach, aggregate reports from participants in the treatment arm about the treatment experience are used to…
[Context] Although software development is an inherently human activity, research in software engineering (SE) has long focused mostly on processes and tools, failing to recall about the human factors behind. Even when explored, researchers…
The emergence of advanced AI-based tools to generate realistic images poses significant challenges for forensic detection and source attribution, especially as new generative techniques appear rapidly. Traditional methods often fail to…
Familiar statistical tests and estimates are obtained by the direct observation of cases of interest: a clinical trial of a new drug, for instance, will compare the drug's effects on a relevant set of patients and controls. Sometimes,…
Item parameter estimation in pharmacometric item response theory (IRT) models is predominantly performed using the Laplace estimation algorithm as implemented in NONMEM. In psychometrics a wide range of different software tools, including…
Post-mortem iris recognition is an emerging application of iris-based human identification in a forensic setup, able to correctly identify deceased subjects even three weeks post-mortem. This technique thus is considered as an important…
Forensic experts use specialized training and knowledge to enable other members of the judicial system to make better informed and more just decisions. Factfinders, in particular, are tasked with judging how much weight to give to experts'…
Human behaviors are often guided or constrained by social norms, which are defined as shared, commonsense rules. For example, underlying an action ``\textit{report a witnessed crime}" are social norms that inform our conduct, such as…