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Even with generational improvements in DRAM technology, memory access latency still remains the major bottleneck for application accelerators, primarily due to limitations in memory interface IPs which cannot fully account for variations in…
In an effort to lower the barrier to the adoption of FPGAs by a broader community, today major FPGA vendors offer compiler toolchains for OpenCL code. While using these toolchain allows porting existing code to FPGAs, ensuring performance…
With the recent release of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) based FPGA boards, developers can now exploit unprecedented external memory bandwidth. This allows more memory-bounded applications to benefit from FPGA acceleration. However, we found…
FPGAs are increasingly utilized in data centers due to their capacity to exploit data parallelism in computationally intensive workloads. Furthermore, the processing of modern data center workloads requires moving vast amounts of data,…
FPGAs have found increasing adoption in data center applications since a new generation of high-level tools have become available which noticeably reduce development time for FPGA accelerators and still provide high quality of results.…
The increasing demand of dedicated accelerators to improve energy efficiency and performance has highlighted FPGAs as a promising option to deliver both. However, programming FPGAs in hardware description languages requires long time and…
Multi-port memory controllers (MPMCs) have become increasingly important in many modern applications due to the tremendous growth in bandwidth requirement. Many approaches so far have focused on improving either the memory access latency or…
FPGA-based data processing in datacenters is increasing in popularity due to the demands of modern workloads and the ensuing necessity for specialization in hardware. Driven by this trend, vendors are rapidly adapting reconfigurable devices…
This paper reviews memory technologies used in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for neuromorphic computing, a brain-inspired approach transforming artificial intelligence with improved efficiency and performance. It focuses on the…
Recent trends in business and technology (e.g., machine learning, social network analysis) benefit from storing and processing growing amounts of graph-structured data in databases and data science platforms. FPGAs as accelerators for graph…
Offloading compute-intensive kernels to hardware accelerators relies on the large degree of parallelism offered by these platforms. However, the effective bandwidth of the memory interface often causes a bottleneck, hindering the…
Recent advances in graph processing on FPGAs promise to alleviate performance bottlenecks with irregular memory access patterns. Such bottlenecks challenge performance for a growing number of important application areas like machine…
High Level Synthesis (HLS) tools, like the Intel FPGA SDK for OpenCL, improve design productivity and enable efficient design space exploration guided by simple program directives (pragmas), but may sometimes miss important optimizations…
Plenty of research efforts have been devoted to FPGA-based acceleration, due to its low latency and high energy efficiency. However, using the original low-level hardware description languages like Verilog to program FPGAs requires…
Recent advances in reprogrammable hardware (e.g., FPGAs) and memory technology (e.g., DDR4, HBM) promise to solve performance problems inherent to graph processing like irregular memory access patterns on traditional hardware (e.g., CPU).…
Memory bandwidth is known to be a performance bottleneck for FPGA accelerators, especially when they deal with large multi-dimensional data-sets. A large body of work focuses on reducing of off-chip transfers, but few authors try to improve…
As the interest in FPGA-based accelerators for HPC applications increases, new challenges also arise, especially concerning different programming and portability issues. This paper aims to provide a snapshot of the current state of the FPGA…
Recent developments in High Level Synthesis tools have attracted software programmers to accelerate their high-performance computing applications on FPGAs. Even though it has been shown that FPGAs can compete with GPUs in terms of…
The efficiency of Large Language Model~(LLM) inference is often constrained by substantial memory bandwidth and capacity demands. Existing techniques, such as pruning, quantization, and mixture of experts/depth, reduce memory capacity…
Over the past few years, there has been an increased interest in including FPGAs in data centers and high-performance computing clusters along with GPUs and other accelerators. As a result, it has become increasingly important to have a…