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In this paper, we reproduce the experiments of Artetxe et al. (2018b) regarding the robust self-learning method for fully unsupervised cross-lingual mappings of word embeddings. We show that the reproduction of their method is indeed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Nicolas Garneau , Mathieu Godbout , David Beauchemin , Audrey Durand , Luc Lamontagne

State-of-the-art methods for learning cross-lingual word embeddings have relied on bilingual dictionaries or parallel corpora. Recent studies showed that the need for parallel data supervision can be alleviated with character-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Alexis Conneau , Guillaume Lample , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Ludovic Denoyer , Hervé Jégou

Very low-resource languages, having only a few million tokens worth of data, are not well-supported by multilingual NLP approaches due to poor quality cross-lingual word representations. Recent work showed that good cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Viktor Hangya , Silvia Severini , Radoslav Ralev , Alexander Fraser , Hinrich Schütze

A recent research line has obtained strong results on bilingual lexicon induction by aligning independently trained word embeddings in two languages and using the resulting cross-lingual embeddings to induce word translation pairs through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre

Good quality monolingual word embeddings (MWEs) can be built for languages which have large amounts of unlabeled text. MWEs can be aligned to bilingual spaces using only a few thousand word translation pairs. For low resource languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Tobias Eder , Viktor Hangya , Alexander Fraser

We consider the problem of aligning continuous word representations, learned in multiple languages, to a common space. It was recently shown that, in the case of two languages, it is possible to learn such a mapping without supervision.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Jean Alaux , Edouard Grave , Marco Cuturi , Armand Joulin

Bilingual word embeddings have been widely used to capture the similarity of lexical semantics in different human languages. However, many applications, such as cross-lingual semantic search and question answering, can be largely benefited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Muhao Chen , Yingtao Tian , Haochen Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Steven Skiena , Carlo Zaniolo

Bilingual word embeddings, which representlexicons of different languages in a shared em-bedding space, are essential for supporting se-mantic and knowledge transfers in a variety ofcross-lingual NLP tasks. Existing approachesto training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Weijia Shi , Muhao Chen , Yingtao Tian , Kai-Wei Chang

In recent years, embedding alignment has become the state-of-the-art machine translation approach, as it can yield high-quality translation without training on parallel corpora. However, existing research and application of embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Ikeoluwa Abioye , Jiani Ge

We consider the supervised training setting in which we learn task-specific word embeddings. We assume that we start with initial embeddings learned from unlabelled data and update them to learn task-specific embeddings for words in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-24 Pranava Swaroop Madhyastha , Mohit Bansal , Kevin Gimpel , Karen Livescu

Multilingual Word Embeddings (MWEs) represent words from multiple languages in a single distributional vector space. Unsupervised MWE (UMWE) methods acquire multilingual embeddings without cross-lingual supervision, which is a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Xilun Chen , Claire Cardie

Learning word embeddings using distributional information is a task that has been studied by many researchers, and a lot of studies are reported in the literature. On the contrary, less studies were done for the case of multiple languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Marco Berlot , Evan Kaplan

Recent research on cross-lingual word embeddings has been dominated by unsupervised mapping approaches that align monolingual embeddings. Such methods critically rely on those embeddings having a similar structure, but it was recently shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Aitor Ormazabal , Mikel Artetxe , Aitor Soroa , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre

Crosslingual word embeddings represent lexical items from different languages in the same vector space, enabling transfer of NLP tools. However, previous attempts had expensive resource requirements, difficulty incorporating monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-01 Long Duong , Hiroshi Kanayama , Tengfei Ma , Steven Bird , Trevor Cohn

We present a family of neural-network--inspired models for computing continuous word representations, specifically designed to exploit both monolingual and multilingual text. This framework allows us to perform unsupervised training of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-15 Radu Soricut , Nan Ding

Cross-lingual embeddings aim to represent words in multiple languages in a shared vector space by capturing semantic similarities across languages. They are a crucial component for scaling tasks to multiple languages by transferring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Lena Shakurova , Beata Nyari , Chao Li , Mihai Rotaru

We present a language independent, unsupervised approach for transforming word embeddings from source language to target language using a transformation matrix. Our model handles the problem of data scarcity which is faced by many languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Syed Sarfaraz Akhtar , Arihant Gupta , Avijit Vajpayee , Arjit Srivastava , Madan Gopal Jhawar , Manish Shrivastava

Acoustic word embedding models map variable duration speech segments to fixed dimensional vectors, enabling efficient speech search and discovery. Previous work explored how embeddings can be obtained in zero-resource settings where no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Christiaan Jacobs , Herman Kamper

In text processing, deep neural networks mostly use word embeddings as an input. Embeddings have to ensure that relations between words are reflected through distances in a high-dimensional numeric space. To compare the quality of different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Matej Ulčar , Kristiina Vaik , Jessica Lindström , Milda Dailidėnaitė , Marko Robnik-Šikonja

Cross-lingual word embeddings aim to capture common linguistic regularities of different languages, which benefit various downstream tasks ranging from machine translation to transfer learning. Recently, it has been shown that these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Pengcheng Yang , Fuli Luo , Shuangzhi Wu , Jingjing Xu , Dongdong Zhang , Xu Sun