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This paper proposes an algorithm that aims to improve generalization for reinforcement learning agents by removing overfitting to confounding features. Our approach consists of a max-min game theoretic objective. A generator transfers the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Md Masudur Rahman , Yexiang Xue

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training LLM-based agents, yet remains limited by low sample efficiency, stemming not only from sparse outcome feedback but also from the agent's inability to leverage prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Dilxat Muhtar , Jiashun Liu , Wei Gao , Weixun Wang , Shaopan Xiong , Ju Huang , Siran Yang , Wenbo Su , Jiamang Wang , Ling Pan , Bo Zheng

Policy learning can be used to extract individualized treatment regimes from observational data in healthcare, civics, e-commerce, and beyond. One big hurdle to policy learning is a commonplace lack of overlap in the data for different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-04 Nathan Kallus

Many potential applications of reinforcement learning in the real world involve interacting with other agents whose numbers vary over time. We propose new neural policy architectures for these multi-agent problems. In contrast to other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Matthew A. Wright , Roberto Horowitz

Learning long-range behaviors on complex high-dimensional agents is a fundamental problem in robot learning. For such tasks, we argue that transferring learned information from a morphologically simpler agent can massively improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Donald J. Hejna , Pieter Abbeel , Lerrel Pinto

Deep learning has enabled traditional reinforcement learning methods to deal with high-dimensional problems. However, one of the disadvantages of deep reinforcement learning methods is the limited exploration capacity of learning agents. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Thanh Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Saeid Nahavandi

This paper seeks to combine differential game theory with the actor-critic-identifier architecture to determine forward-in-time, approximate optimal controllers for formation tracking in multi-agent systems, where the agents have uncertain…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Rushikesh Kamalapurkar , Justin R. Klotz , Patrick Walters , Warren E. Dixon

Episodic memory lets reinforcement learning algorithms remember and exploit promising experience from the past to improve agent performance. Previous works on memory mechanisms show benefits of using episodic-based data structures for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Igor Kuznetsov , Andrey Filchenkov

In partially observable reinforcement learning, offline training gives access to latent information which is not available during online training and/or execution, such as the system state. Asymmetric actor-critic methods exploit such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Andrea Baisero , Christopher Amato

The advances in unsupervised object-centric representation learning have significantly improved its application to downstream tasks. Recent works highlight that disentangled object representations can aid policy learning in image-based,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Leonid Ugadiarov , Vitaliy Vorobyov , Aleksandr I. Panov

Reinforcement learning has enjoyed multiple successes in recent years. However, these successes typically require very large amounts of data before an agent achieves acceptable performance. This paper introduces a novel way of combating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Zhaodong Wang , Matthew E. Taylor

Temporal abstraction allows reinforcement learning agents to represent knowledge and develop strategies over different temporal scales. The option-critic framework has been demonstrated to learn temporally extended actions, represented as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Anand Kamat , Doina Precup

Meta-Reinforcement Learning addresses the critical limitations of conventional Reinforcement Learning in multi-task and non-stationary environments by enabling fast policy adaptation and improved generalization. We introduce a novel Meta-RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Théo Zangato , Aomar Osmani , Pegah Alizadeh

The dataset distributions in offline reinforcement learning (RL) often exhibit complex and multi-modal distributions, necessitating expressive policies to capture such distributions beyond widely-used Gaussian policies. To handle such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jongseong Chae , Jongeui Park , Yongjae Shin , Gyeongmin Kim , Seungyul Han , Youngchul Sung

We show that offline actor-critic reinforcement learning can scale to large models - such as transformers - and follows similar scaling laws as supervised learning. We find that offline actor-critic algorithms can outperform strong,…

Imitation learning enables autonomous agents to learn from human examples, without the need for a reward signal. Still, if the provided dataset does not encapsulate the task correctly, or when the task is too complex to be modeled, such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Federico Malato , Ville Hautamaki

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms can suffer from poor sample efficiency when rewards are delayed and sparse. We introduce a solution that enables agents to learn temporally extended actions at multiple levels of abstraction in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Andrew Levy , Robert Platt , Kate Saenko

Experience replay is one of the most commonly used approaches to improve the sample efficiency of reinforcement learning algorithms. In this work, we propose an approach to select and replay sequences of transitions in order to accelerate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Thommen George Karimpanal , Roland Bouffanais

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a fundamental framework for sequential decision-making, in which an agent learns an optimal policy through interactions with an unknown environment. In settings with function approximation, many existing RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ruiquan Huang , Donghao Li , Yingbin Liang , Jing Yang

Model-free off-policy actor-critic methods are an efficient solution to complex continuous control tasks. However, these algorithms rely on a number of design tricks and hyperparameters, making their application to new domains difficult and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Jake Grigsby , Jin Yong Yoo , Yanjun Qi