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Even though Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely celebrated for their practical performance, they possess many intriguing properties related to depth that are difficult to explain both theoretically and intuitively. Understanding how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Christopher Snyder , Sriram Vishwanath

Linear Regression and neural networks are widely used to model data. Neural networks distinguish themselves from linear regression with their use of activation functions that enable modeling nonlinear functions. The standard argument for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Anish Lakkapragada

The success of deep neural networks is in part due to the use of normalization layers. Normalization layers like Batch Normalization, Layer Normalization and Weight Normalization are ubiquitous in practice, as they improve generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Yonatan Dukler , Quanquan Gu , Guido Montúfar

The nonlinearity of activation functions used in deep learning models are crucial for the success of predictive models. There are several commonly used simple nonlinear functions, including Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) and Leaky-ReLU…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Nalinda Kulathunga , Nishath Rajiv Ranasinghe , Daniel Vrinceanu , Zackary Kinsman , Lei Huang , Yunjiao Wang

Deploying deep learning models, comprising of non-linear combination of millions, even billions, of parameters is challenging given the memory, power and compute constraints of the real world. This situation has led to research into model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Muhammad A. Shah , Raphael Olivier , Bhiksha Raj

This paper introduces a framework for systematic complexity scaling of deep neural network(DNN) based MIMO detectors. The model uses a fraction of the DNN inputs by scaling their values through weights that follow monotonically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-03 Abdullahi Mohammad , Christos Masouros , Yiannis Andreopoulos

In this work, we develop a novel input feature selection framework for ReLU-based deep neural networks (DNNs), which builds upon a mixed-integer optimization approach. While the method is generally applicable to various classification…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-22 Shudian Zhao , Calvin Tsay , Jan Kronqvist

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used for traffic sign recognition because they can automatically extract high-level features from images. These DNNs are trained on large-scale datasets obtained from unknown sources. Therefore, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Thushari Hapuarachchi , Long Dang , Kaiqi Xiong

The intrinsically infinite-dimensional features of the functional observations over multidimensional domains render the standard classification methods effectively inapplicable. To address this problem, we introduce a novel multiclass…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Shuoyang Wang , Guanqun Cao

Studying the sensitivity of weight perturbation in neural networks and its impacts on model performance, including generalization and robustness, is an active research topic due to its implications on a wide range of machine learning tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Yu-Lin Tsai , Chia-Yi Hsu , Chia-Mu Yu , Pin-Yu Chen

Neural Networks (NNs) are the method of choice for building learning algorithms. Their popularity stems from their empirical success on several challenging learning problems. However, most scholars agree that a convincing theoretical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Ronald DeVore , Boris Hanin , Guergana Petrova

The layered structure of deep neural networks hinders the use of numerous analysis tools and thus the development of its interpretability. Inspired by the success of functional brain networks, we propose a novel framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Ben Zhang , Zhetong Dong , Junsong Zhang , Hongwei Lin

During training, the weights of a Deep Neural Network (DNN) are optimized from a random initialization towards a nearly optimum value minimizing a loss function. Only this final state of the weights is typically kept for testing, while the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Gianni Franchi , Andrei Bursuc , Emanuel Aldea , Severine Dubuisson , Isabelle Bloch

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely studied in various applications. A DNN consists of layers of neurons that compute affine combinations, apply nonlinear operations, and produce corresponding activations. The rectified linear unit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Navid Aftabi , Nima Moradi , Fatemeh Mahroo

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have set benchmarks on a wide array of supervised learning tasks. Trained DNNs, however, often lack robustness to minor adversarial perturbations to the input, which undermines their true practicality. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Farzan Farnia , Jesse M. Zhang , David Tse

Neural networks are complex functions of both their inputs and parameters. Much prior work in deep learning theory analyzes the distribution of network outputs at a fixed a set of inputs (e.g. a training dataset) over random initializations…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-04-08 Mike Winer , Boris Hanin

Understanding the properties of neural networks trained via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is at the heart of the theory of deep learning. In this work, we take a mean-field view, and consider a two-layer ReLU network trained via SGD for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Alexander Shevchenko , Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Marco Mondelli

State-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) are highly effective at tackling many real-world tasks. However, their wide adoption in mission-critical contexts is hampered by two major weaknesses - their susceptibility to adversarial attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Ofir Moshe , Gil Fidel , Ron Bitton , Asaf Shabtai

Deep neural networks (DNNs) generalize remarkably well without explicit regularization even in the strongly over-parametrized regime where classical learning theory would instead predict that they would severely overfit. While many…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-23 Guillermo Valle-Pérez , Chico Q. Camargo , Ard A. Louis

Currently there is great interest in the utility of deep neural networks (DNNs) for the physical layer of radio frequency (RF) communications. In this manuscript, we describe a custom DNN specially designed to solve problems in the RF…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-23 Brian Shevitski , Yijing Watkins , Nicole Man , Michael Girard